Zebrasoma and Paracanthurus ■ — Randall 
399 
Acanthurus suillus Cuvier (1829: 224) (after 
Renard, 1718, vol. I, pi. 14, fig. 82); Cuvier 
and Valenciennes (1835: 254) (Mauritius); 
Gunther (1861: 345). 
Acanthurus elegant Lienard (1843: 69) (Mauri- 
tius) (reference from Sauvage, 1891: 344). 
Acanthurus hypselopterus Bleeker (1854: 327) 
(Larantuka, East Indies); Gunther (1861: 
344); Gunther (1873: 117) (Samoa, Palau 
Islands and Misol, East Indies). 
Acanthurus maristarum Thiolliere in Mon- 
trouzier (1856: 458) (Island of Woodlark). 
Acanthurus ( Harpurus ) hypselopterus Steindach- 
ner (1901: 494, pi. 4, fig. 1) (Honolulu). 
Acanthurus kipas Bleeker (1854: 327) (East 
Indies). 
Harpurus hypselopterus Bleeker (1863: 252) 
(Flores, East Indies). 
Harpurus Ruppelli Bleeker (1863: 235) (Ter- 
nate, East Indies). 
Harpurus Desjardini Bleeker and Pollen (1874: 
96) (Mauritius). 
Acanthurus virgatus Vaillant and Sauvage 
(1875: 283) (Hawaiian Islands). 
Acanthurus fasciatus Bliss (1883: 53) (Mau- 
ritius). 
Zebrasoma hypselopterum Jenkins (1903: 479) 
(Honolulu); Ogilby (1916: 174, pi. 23) 
(Queensland, Australia). 
Zebrasoma veliferum Jordan and Evermann 
(1905: 396, fig. 173) (Honolulu); Jordan 
and Seale (1906: 356) (Samoa) ; Kendall and 
Radcliffe (1912: 143) (Mangareva); Jor- 
dan and Jordan (1922: 66) (Honolulu); 
Herre (1927: 443, pi. 11, labelled Zebrasoma 
viliferum) (Philippine Islands); Fowler 
(1928: 275, pi. 32, fig. B); Fowler and 
Bean (1929: 255) (Philippine Islands and 
East Indies); Schmidt (1930: 104) (RiuKiu 
Islands); Fowler (1931: 346) (Honolulu); 
Herre (1936: 249) (Solomon Islands); Hi- 
yama (1943: 95, pi. 21, fig. 58); Aoyagi 
(1943: 205, pi. 4, fig. 6, teeth only) (Riu 
Kiu Islands); Schultz (1943: 166) (Phoenix 
Islands and Samoa Islands); de Beaufort 
(1951: 167, fig. 28) (New Guinea and 
Ambon, East Indies); Schultz and Woods 
in Schultz, et al. (1953: 640) (Marshall 
Islands); Harry (1953: 152) (Raroia, Tua- 
motu Archipelago). 
Zebrasoma veil forum novae caledoniae Borodin 
(1932: 88) (New Caledonia). 
Hepatus coccinatus von Bonde (1934: 449, fig. 
3) (Zanzibar). 
Zebrasoma velifera Marshall (1950: 195) (Co- 
cos-Keeling Islands). 
Dorsal rays IV, 28 to 33 (in Oceania usually 
31 or 32); anal rays III, 22 to 26 (in Oceania 
usually 24 or 25); pectoral rays 15 to 17 
(usually 16); anterior gill rakers 8 to 11 and 
posterior gill rakers 9 or 10 (12 specimens 
from nine localities over the range of the 
species) ; the number of teeth increase slowly 
with age: a 25 mm. specimen from the Gilbert 
Islands had 10 upper and 12 lower teeth; 
51, 80, and 94 mm. specimens had 12 upper 
and 14 lower teeth; 128, 154, and 168 mm. 
specimens had 14 upper and 16 lower teeth; 
233 and 245 mm. specimens had 16 upper 
and 18 lower teeth. 
Dorsal fin very elevated, longest soft dorsal 
ray 2.1 to 2.5 in standard length; fourth dorsal 
spine 2.5 to 2.8 in standard length; body 
depth 1.8 to 2 in standard length (1.4 in 25 
mm. specimen); no patch of stiff bristles on 
side of body anterior to caudal spine. The 
posterior end of the caudal spine is not as 
broadly joined to the body in veliferum as in 
other species of Zebrasoma. 
Color (in alcohol) brown with alternate, 
near-vertical, dark and light (pale yellow in 
life) bands; the first dark band passes through 
the eye and angles backward to the origin of 
the pelvic fins; the first pale band runs from 
the nape across the opercle just behind the 
eye to the pelvic region; the remaining four 
or five pale bands on the body are about 
one-third to one-fourth as broad as the inter- 
mediate brown areas, and each is bissected by 
a narrow dark line; within the intermediate 
brown areas alternate lines of dark and light 
are perceptible, the dark lines tending to 
