Zebrasoma and Paracanthurus — Randall 
Z. flavescens display no dark markings of any 
kind. A 21.5 mm. transforming specimen 
taken at a depth of 40 feet off Waikiki, Oahu, 
on June 3, 1952 was bright yellow in color 
like adults. 
Except for one sight record in the Tuamotus 
(Harry, 1953), Z. flavescens appears to be con- 
fined to the northern part of the tropical 
Pacific. I have seen specimens only from the 
Hawaiian Islands, Johnston Island, Wake Is- 
land, Marcus Island, northern Marshall Is- 
lands, and the Marianas (including the type 
of Z. agaha Seale from Guam, kindly loaned 
by E. H. Bryan of the Bishop Museum, and 
two small bright yellow specimens collected 
by Eugenie Clark at Saipan). See section on 
Z. scopas for further discussion of Z. flavescens. 
Zebrasoma scopas (Cuvier) 
Fig. 1/; PI. 1 
Acanthurus scopas Cuvier (1829: 224) (after 
Renard, 1718, vol. 1, pi. 40, fig. 210) 
(Neira, Province of Banda); Cuvier and 
Valenciennes (1835: 245, pi. 290) (New 
Guinea); Bleeker (1851: 348) (Solor, East 
Indies); Thiolliere in Montrouzier (1856: 
459) (Island of Woodlark). 
Acanthurus rhombeus von Kittlitz (1834: 194, 
pi. 13, fig. 6) (Ulea Island = Woleai Atoll, 
Caroline Islands); Gunther (1861: 342) 
(Aneityum, New Hebrides and Ceram, East 
Indies); Playfair in Playfair and Gunther 
(1866: 57) (Zanzibar). 
Acanthurus altivelis Cuvier and Valenciennes 
(1835: 249) (Indian Ocean and Mauritius). 
Harpurus scopas Swainson (1839: 256). 
Acanthurus goramensis Bleeker (1858: 208) 
(Goram, East Indies) ; Gunther (1861 : 343) ; 
Jatzow and Lenz (1898: 514, pi. 36, fig. 11) 
(Zanzibar) . 
Harpurus rhombeus Bleeker (1863: 271) (Timor, 
East Indies). 
Acanthurus flavescens. Gunther (1873: 116, pi. 
76, fig. A) (Tahiti); Sauvage (1891: 342) 
(Madagascar) . 
Zebrasoma rhombeum Jordan and Seale (1906: 
405 
355) (Samoa); Jordan and Seale (1907: 34) 
(Panay, Philippine Islands); Jordan and 
Richardson (1908: 270) (Cagayancillo, 
Philippine Islands); Fowler (1928: 275) 
(Indo-Pacific, but not Hawaiian Islands, 
Johnston Island, or Marcus Island). 
Zebrasoma flavescens. Jordan and Fowler (1902: 
555) (Okinawa) ; Herre (1927: 441) (Philip- 
pine Islands); Fowler and Bean (1929: 258) 
(Philippine Islands and East Indies); 
Schmidt (1930: 103) (Riu Kiu Islands); 
Giltay (1933: 86) (East Indies); Herre 
(1934: 63) (Philippine Islands); Herre 
(1936: 248) (Society Islands, New Hebrides, 
Solomon Islands); Poll (1942: 11, fig. 3) 
(Tahiti) ; Aoyagi (in part) (1943: 203, pi. 
8, fig. 3) (Riu Kiu Islands) ; Schultz (1943: 
167) (Samoa Islands); de Beaufort (1951: 
170) (Java) ; Schultz and Woods in Schultz 
et al. (in part) (1953: 641, pi. 66, fig. 
B) (Marshall Islands) ; Harry (1953: 152) 
(Raroia, Tuamotu Archipelago). 
Zebrasoma rostratum. Jordan and Seale (1906: 
356) (Samoa). 
Zebrasoma supra-alba Fowler (1946: 198, fig. 
70) (Riu Kiu Islands). 
Dorsal rays V (rarely IV), 23 to 25 (usually 
24); anal rays III, 19 to 21 (usually 19 or 20); 
pectoral rays 14 to 16 (usually 15); anterior 
gill rakers 9 to 12 and posterior gill rakers 
10 to 13 (based on a total of 12 specimens 
from the Marshall Islands, Samoa, Society 
Islands, Philippine Islands, and East Indies); 
a 30 mm. specimen from the Gilbert Islands 
had 12 upper and 14 lower teeth; a 74 mm. 
specimen from the Philippines had 14 upper 
and 16 lower teeth; a 145 mm. specimen from 
the Philippines had 18 upper and 22 lower 
teeth. 
The following proportional measurements 
were made on 15 specimens from 52 to 145 
mm. in standard length: length of longest 
dorsal ray 2.7 to 3.6 in standard length; length 
of fifth dorsal spine 2.9 to 3-9 in standard 
length; body depth 1.5 to 1.7 in standard 
length (2.2 in a 30 mm. juvenile); oval- 
