illustrated by the- South African Flora. 13 
Medley Wood for Natal (45), Phillips for Basutoland (28), Eyles for 
Rhodesia (23), and Burtt Davy and Pott-Leendertz for the Transvaal (17) s 
though the last mentioned does not give any localities or any information 
regarding relative abundance. Since most of the check-lists and the ‘ Flora 
Capensis’ adhere to Bentham and Hooker’s arrangement of the families, we 
shall also arrange those selected in the same order. 
Ranunculaceae. 
The genus Clematis is widely distributed through temperate countries, 
occurring in the tropics chiefly in mountainous regions. Clematis Thun- 
bergii extends from Abyssinia to South Africa. C. brachiata , which is 
closely allied, is more distinctly South African, extending from the Cape 
to Natal and Rhodesia, but not farther north. This illustrates a species 
extending over one area and being continued in another area by a closely 
allied species. Other species of the genus differ in minor characters, and 
their distribution illustrates our principles extremely well. C. Oweniae 
differs from C. brachiata in its filaments and anthers. It is a rare species 
with discontinuous distribution at Inanda (Natal) and again in Zululand. 
Then again we have C. glaucescens in the Tugela district, Natal, C. virona 
in southern Rhodesia, C. wightiana at Chirinda, all allied to C. brachiata 
and all rare endemics, so that within the limits of this single genus we find 
examples of most of our above-named categories. Oliver, in ‘ The Flora of 
Tropical Africa mentions other interesting points. C. chrysocarpais recorded 
from the Nile and again from Angola on the west side, and is very closely 
allied to C. trifida , a Madagascar plant. C. Kirkii , Mozambique, is nearly 
related to C. Bojeri , Madagascar. C. Stanleyi , a suberect shrub (like 
C. Kirkii and C. chry so carpet), is found in Angola and again Jn the Trans- 
vaal, but the record for Natal is doubtful. Some of the species of Ranun- 
culus , being water or marsh plants, have spread all over South Africa. 
Other species of Ranunctdus are more or less rare endemics, e. g. R. capensis 
at the Cape, R. Meyeri , King William’s Town, Natal, and the Transvaal at 
isolated points, R. Baurii and R. Cooper i on the Drakensberg. Anemone 
capensis is confined to the south-western region. A. caffra , which belongs 
to the same section (Pulsatilloides) of the genus and is fairly closely related, 
occurs only on the eastern side. A. Fanninii , which again is allied to 
A. caffra,\s a rare Drakensberg species, and three other species are recorded 
for the Transvaal. 
Thalictrum rhynchocarpum is one of the most interesting species in the 
genus, having only a single carpel. It occurs from Natal to Abyssinia at 
the edges of bush and in sheltered places. It has no close ally, though the 
north-temperate T. minus also occurs in South Africa. The genus Knowl- 
tonia is exclusively South African. K. vesicatoria is the widespread species 
from the Cape to Natal. At the one end of its area, the Cape, it has 
K. rigida , K. gracilis , K. hirsuta , and K. daucifolia related to it ; at the 
