go 
Cayley . — Some Observations on the Life-history of 
Bresadola, described by Weese as causing apple canker, with the exception 
of the somewhat larger dimensions of the ascospores. 
The fungus will complete its life-history on media containing starch or 
a derivative of starch with i per cent, glycerine. 
No differentiated archicarp was observed to which the development of 
the perithecium could be traced; the perithecium arises from a coil of 
vegetative hyphae in the sporodochium. 
Several ascogonia occur in the young perithecium ; these degenerate 
and disappear before the formation of the asci. 
The ascogenous hyphae, from which the asci develop, arise de novo 
from cells at the base of the perithecium, the nuclei of which have the same 
characteristics as the nuclei of the ascogonia. 
The further development of the perithecium could not be followed. 
Besides the three different kinds of spores known to previous investi- 
gators, a fourth form, a two-celled multinucleate spore, was observed. 
Pycnidia occur on bark, but no mature pychidium was seen in pre- 
parations of the fungus in pure culture on artificial media. 
Except in section, pycnidia on bark cannot be distinguished from 
young perithecia, and although in some instances they appear to develop 
on one and the same sporodochium, there is no conclusive evidence that 
pycnidia occur in the life-history .of Nmgalligena. 
Bibliography, 
1. Aderhold, R., und Goethe, R. (1902): L)er Krebs der Obstbaume und seine Bekampfung. 
Flugbl., No. 17, Biol. Abt. f. Land- und Forstw. 
2. Aderhold, R. (1903) : Impfungs verAiche mit N. . diiissima. Centralbl. f. Bakt., ii. x, p. 763. 
3. Appel, O., und Wollenweber, — (1910) : Monographic der Gattung Fusarium. Arb. k. 
biol. Anst. f. Land- und Forstw., viii, Heft 1. 
4. (1913) : Studien liber die Gattung Fusarium. Zeitsch. 
f. Pfkanzenkrankheiten, xxiii, p. 44. 
5. Blackman, V. H., and Welsford, E. J. (1912) : The Development of the Perithecium of 
Polystigma rubrum , DC. Ann. Bot., vol. xxvi, No. ciii. 
6. Brooks, F. T. (1910) : The Development of Gnomonia evythrostoma. Ann. Bot., vol. xxiv, 
No. xcv. 
7. Brzezinkski, J. (1902) : Etiologie des chancres et de la gomme des chancres arbres fruitiers. 
Compt. rend., 1902, i, p. 1 170. 
8. (1903) : Le chancre des arbres, ses causes et ses symptomes. Bull, de l’Acad. 
des Sc. de Cracovie, 1903, p. 95. 
9. Delacroix : Maladies des plantes cultivees, p. 56, Fig. 1. 
10. Descours-Desacres (1901): Observations relatives a la propagation dans les pommeraies du 
Nectria ditissima. Compt. rend., i, p. 438. 
11. Fisch, C. (1882) : Beitiage zur Entwicklungsgeschichte einiger Ascomyceten. Bot. Zeit , xl. 
12. Fraser, H. C. I., and Welsford, E. J. (1908) : Contributions to the Cytology of Hutnaria 
rutilans. Ann. Bot., xxii, p. 35. 
and Chambers, Ii. S. (1907) : The Morphology of Aspergillus herbariorum. 
Ann. Myc., vol. v, p. 419.' 
13 . 
