4i 6 Cutting. — Observations on Variations in the 
abnormal specimens of S tacky s sylvatica collected by him, and this description 
applies also to the plants mentioned above. But my specimens also showed 
an increase in the size of the calyx, a greening of the slightly reduced 
corolla, varying from slight strips of green to an almost completely green, 
and the anthers were affected as well. The flowers were abortive through 
the phyllody or sepalody of the carpels. The average length of the calyx 
tube in hedge forms was found to be about 4 mm. ; the average length of 
tube and medium-sized free portion of sepal was about 6-5 mm. ; the similar 
figures for forms growing in woods were 3-5 mm. and 6*7 mm., while the 
figures for the calyx of virescent forms were 4 *6 mm. and 8 mm. The 
filaments remain short, the anther lobes more or less symmetrical (Fig. 5 b), 
and the pollen grains are wrinkled and seem destitute of contents. I have 
Fig. 5. Virescent flowers from Downley, near High Wycombe, Bucks., 1919-1920. [See 
text.] e,f> g slightly enlarged. 
very little doubt but that they were abortive. Molliard ( 26 ) reports cases 
of virescence due to animal parasites, and similar cases have been reported 
by Butler ( 7 ) as due to fungal infection, while deVries ( 43 ) has investigated 
cases in which the tendency to form virescent flowers was inherited, and 
was intensified under the conditions of his cultural experiment. 
In September, 1920, this region was again visited ; virescent plants were 
found in the same spot, as well as farther along the hedge. The hedge was 
mostly of hawthorn, but elder plants were fairly abundant. Normal plants 
were also found growing here. In some of the virescent shoots the four 
green nutlets had increased in size enormously and showed well above the 
enlarged calyx (Fig. 5, d), and in other shoots occasional flowers were 
found in which the ovary had been partially changed into a flower 
or into two flowers (Fig. 5, e,f,g), and in the case of other ovaries a flower 
