Geological Formations . 
11 
CHAPTER II. 
List of Geological Formations . Relations of Main 
Geological and Geographical Features . 
The table of colours and explanations on the Geological Sketch- 
map of Victoria (8 miles to 1 inch) shows four principal groups, 
comprising in all thirteen distinct formations, known to exist in the 
colony, and proved in most cases by palaeontological evidence to be 
the equivalents, as regards geological position, of well-explored 
analogous formations in Europe and other parts of the world. 
On the detailed geological maps are shown several subdivisions 
— into Alluvial, Post-Pliocene, Newer Pliocene, and Older Plio- 
cene — of the deposits indicated on the sketch-map by one colour, 
under the general heading of Post-Tertiary and Upper Tertiary. 
The results of further investigation will, no doubt, justify sub- 
divisions of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic groups. 
Subjoined is a table of the principal groups and divisions of 
Victorian geology, as shown on the Geological Sketch-map above 
referred to, and the names of the colours used to distinguish 
them : — 
TABLE OF COLOURS AND EXPLANATIONS. 
Tertiary or Caixozoic. 
(a) L Post Tertiary. 
Colours used on 1. Recent creek and river deposits, forming alluvial 
Map. flats; sand-dunes; recent sands, clays, gravels, and 
estuary beds, forming surface deposits of plains bordering 
the Murray River, from the Ovens to the western boun- 
dary of the colony. Sale Plains; Alberton ; Plains 
between Werribee and Little River. 
(a) 2. Upper Tertiary (Pliocene). 
(a) Terre Vert. 2. Ferruginous sandstones, with marine shells, Geelong, 
Flemington, and Brighton ; Quartz gravels of the Flagstaff 
Hill, Melbourne, Haunted Hill, Tom’s Cap, and Long- 
ford to Woodsidc in Gippsland, northwards from Stawell 
towards the Wimmera River; Fresh-water limestones, 
Geelong; Leaf beds of Daylesford and Malmsbury, Bal- 
larat, Creswick, and Haddon Leads. 
Fossils. — Fauna — Mammalia : Phascolomys pliocenus 
(McCoy), T/iylacoleo carnifex (Owen), Diprotodon lomji- 
ceps (McCoy), Arctocephalus WilHamsi (McCoy), Canis 
dingo , Sarcophilus ursinus, Procoptodon Goliath , Macropus 
Atlas (Owen). Fishes : Charcharodon angustidens (A g.), 
C. megalodon (Ag.). Mollusca: Cerithium Fleming ton ensis 
(McCoy), llaliotis ncevosoides (McCoy), W aldheimia mac- 
ropora (McCoy), &c. Radiata : Lovenia Forbesi (McCoy), 
Monostychia Australis (Laubc), &C. Flora: Eucalyptus 
Plutt, Spondylostrobus Smythii, Phymatocaryon Machayi, 
Celyphina McCoyi, Concho/ heca turyida, Platycoila Sulli- 
vani and others, chiefly by F. v. M ueller. 
