86 
Geology and Physical Geography: 
figured and described by Professor McCoy in bis Prodr.omus are as 
follow: — Voluta Hannafordi (McCoy), V. an ti-scal ari s (McCoy) . 
V. s trophodon (McC oy\ CypxiLa J^dricia)^gigas ( McCoy ) , C\ 
gastroplax (McCoy), C. eximia (Sow.). C. ( Tri v ia) avella - 
/tonic s McCo y). C. platypyga (McCoy), C. (Luponia) Icp- 
torhyncha (McCoy), C. {Arid a) consobrina (McCoy), C. 
( Lti p onia ) contus a (MxCoy), Lunops is aurita (Brocehi sp.), 
(L. Belched (Ad. and Reeve sp.). Pcctunculus laticostatus 
(Quoy and Gairnard), Aturia zic-zac (Sow. sp.), var. Australis 
(AIcgoy\ CucullxejL ^Corigensis (McCoy), Pecten Yahlensis 
(Woods), r,var. semi-lewis (McCoy), Waldheimia macropor a 
(McCoy),* Spondt/ las p seado-r udula (McCoy), &c. 
Some of these fossils, oi^closely- allied species, are not confined 
to the Oligocene, but are found also in the Miocene, and even in 
the Pliocene beds. 
Middle Tertiary (Miocene). 
Formations of this age are extensively developed in Victoria. 
They comprise deposits duo to marine, lacustrine, and fluviatile 
agencies, and also the rocks of igneous origin, classed as Older 
Volcanic, which appear to be the youngest of the group, and to 
form the division between beds of Middle Tertiary or Miocene, 
and those of Upper Tertiary or Pliocene age. 
Tn proportion to the actual extent of the tracts underlaid by 
them, the Miocene strata, of marine origin, appear as the surface 
formation of but very small areas, and are only exposed on the 
sea coast, or on the slopes towards rivers and crooks, where the 
newer overlying formations have been cut through and denuded ; 
but their presence has been proved by bores and shafts, beueath 
great tracts of which the surface formations are Upper Tertiary 
or Newer Volcanic. 
Rocks of Miocene age form the cliffs along the sea-coast, from 
the Glenelg to the Gcllibrand River, with the exception of a few 
breaks between Portland hud Warrnambool, where overlying 
newer formations, occupying depressions in the Miocene beds, are 
found at the sea-level. The coast scenery between the Gollibrand 
and Wgrrnambool is of a most picturesque character. The* cliffs 
are about 200 feet in height) generally perpendicular, and jut out 
into frequent headlands. (Fig. 32.) 
The encroaching action of littoral denudation is well exemplified 
by the number of islets standing at short distances out at sea. 
These are of the same height and composed of the same rock- 
bands as the main cliffs, and are evidently portions which have 
been left unremoved during the denudation of the mass. 
Miocene strata occupy a small area on either side of the Aire 
River, north-west from Cape Otway. Eastward from Loutit Bay 
they are again found, forming the cliffs along the coast. 
