3 6 
AMERICAN POMOEOGICAE SOCIETY 
Duplication and Synonomy. 
Another matter of extreme importance is the reduplication of names, 
and the repetition of similar, though not identical ones. With the excel- 
lent works of Ragan this should be a difficulty easily overcome in America 
as far as apples and pears are concerned, while for French and German 
names the excellent work of Thomas’ “Guide Pratique” and Matthieus’ 
“Nomenclator Pomologicus” are quite invaluable. For the British Isles 
no such work exists, though Hogg’s Fruit Manual contains a large number 
of names. 
That this reduplication of names is a real and existing danger the 
following cases in apples alone will prove. Two distinct varieties, Ameri- 
can and English, share the following names: Allington, Scarlet Non- 
pareil, Scarlet Pippin, Spice, Mother, Summer Pearmain and Rival. The 
last name has been used twice in England! A recent case in Red currants 
is likely to cause confusion. The Perfection currant raised in America 
and introduced by the Grover Nurseries has its anonym in a new variety, 
also red, named and introduced by James Laxton of England. 
International Cooperation. 
Considering these cases and the many others which will occur to the 
minds of all whose interests are in pomology, whether scientific or practical, 
I suggest that the time has now come for devising some means of dealing 
with these evils. The necessity of this will not, I think, be disputed, the 
means assuredly will be. The procedure, to be effective, must be inter- 
national, and this leads me to advocate closer relations between societies 
for the discussion of these subjects. In no case can this more easily be done 
than between England and America, and I hope that these countries may 
lead a movement in this direction which will become truly international. 
President Goodman: The man now about to address you has done much 
for pomology. He has been awarded the Wilder Medal several times, and is 
still doing a work of untold value and interest for us. 
Mr. Patten: Before beginning my paper and apropos of the remarks 
of Mr. Cranefield, I think I ought to say this much; we have been planting 
seeds in the United States abundantly for 400 years, indiscriminately, without 
knowledge or careful breeding or differentiation of the kinds that we planted ; 
but it is only something like ten or a dozen years ago since scientific 
workers began to work systematically in these breeding problems. I wish 
further to say that I represent a great territory of the country in which not 
a single old variety of our domesticated apple or plum can be grown suc- 
cessfully; not a peach, nor a single variety of pear that has ever been grown 
before on the globe so far as now known. 
