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AMERICAN POMOEOGlCAIv SOCIETY 
At the Experimental Stations experiments in methods of culture, tests 
of varieties, spraying, and in plant breeding are carried on in order to aid 
the fruit growers in the different provinces. The divisions of Chemistry, 
Entomology, and Botany with headquarters at the Central Farm at Ottawa 
lend their aid in the more scientific aspects of horticulture. The Farms 
are bureaus of information to which fruit growers may write and receive 
replies without any cost to themselves. Annual reports and bulletins are 
published giving an account of the work done. There are also experimental 
farms associated with the provincial agricultural colleges. 
District or County Instructors: — In the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec and 
British Columbia the provincial governments have instructors or district 
representatives whose duty it is to go through the country and give free 
information and Instruction to farmers and fruit growers, and in some cases 
to carry on demonstration of the best methods of orchard practice. They 
have their headquarters where people may come to get information or 
where they may write for it. In the Province of Ontario there are thirty-one 
representatives and an almost equal number of assistants. 
Demonstration Orchards: — In the Provinces of British Columbia, New 
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island there are small orchards 
of from one to five acres to demonstrate the best varieties and methods 
of culture. There are, for instance, twenty-three of these in New Brunswick 
and thirty-five in Nova Scotia. The provincial government furnishes the 
trees free and sends a man to plant them, the owner caring for the trees 
according to directions for ten years or more. The Government also some- 
times supplies a spray pump. 
Exhibitions: — The Governments, both Federal and Provincial, aid the 
fruit grower by assisting in making exhibits of fruits both in Canada 
and in other countries, in order to advertise the good quality of Canadian 
fruit and thus help to find markets for it. Rules for judging fruits have been 
adopted by several of the provincial fruit growers’ associations. 
Packing Demonstrations: — Both the Federal and Provincial Governments 
aid the fruit grower by giving demonstrations by expert packers in packing 
fruit. Last winter, for instance, forty such demonstrations or schools were 
conducted in the Province of British Columbia alone. 
Cold Storage and Markets: — The Federal Government aids the fruit 
grower by helping him to get his products to market in good condition. 
For the shipment of fruit in refrigerator car loads intended for export, the 
Government pays icing charges to the extent of $5.00 per car. Arrangements 
are also made by the Government to have small cold storage chambers on 
steamships reserved for the carriage of fruit only. This has resulted in a 
large increase in the amount of tender fruit exported. Temperature records 
are kept by the Government on the steamers carrying fruit in order to 
ensure its being well looked after and inspectors are employed by the 
Government to inspect both the cargoes on steamers and in refrigerator 
cars. Subsidies are also given by the Government to aid in the erection 
of cold storage plants throughout Canada and also in the pre-cooling of fruits 
before shipment. 
