THIRTY-THIRD BIENNIAL SESSION 
109 
money from the sale of stock rather than from the sale of fruit, and wishing 
to promote sales by making a big showing in a short time, these exploiters 
often pay prices for labor far in excess of what the legitimate grower can 
afford to pay. Often these promoters by some subterfuge secure what pur- 
port to be the endorsements of experiment station and goveirnment officials. 
These so called endorsements, together with misleading statements as to 
profits in the orchard business, are circulated promiscuously over the country. 
Such operations deceive the investor and injure the legitimate grower, in that 
his labor is taken from him; and in time it becomes more difficult for him 
to interest outside capital in case he wishes to improve or enlarge his op- 
erations. 
In the opinion of the writer it would be entirely within the province of 
the work of the United States Department of Agriculture to point out to the 
public in bulletin form the ear marks by which most of these fake orchard 
schemes may be detected and warn prospective investors against putting 
money into orchard stock offered promiscuously to the public along with 
extravagant claims of the profit to be derived from orcharding. Fruit grow- 
ing has been boomed too much both for the good of the orchardist and the 
investor. The idea of large profits has been exploited with little or nothing 
said of the failures in the business, thereby bringing about in many in- 
stances blasted hopes and an extravagant waste of money. 
Discussion. 
President Goodman: We will have fifteen minutes only for the dis- 
cussion of these important problems surrounding the fruit growers. Con- 
fine your discussions to facts to help us in the solution of these questions; 
put them briefly so as to take no more time than possible. I think we will 
discuss them this way: Pruning, spraying, cultivation, fertilizing, market- 
ing. 
Voice: Mr. President, I was talking last evening with Mr. Burton of 
Indiana, who is using a tractor successfully, and I think we ought to hear 
from him. 
Mr. Burton: Our tractor is made in Ohio. We have used one for two 
years and find it very successful. My son insisted on a large tractor. He 
said it costs no more to run a large one, for help, than it does a small one. 
Our orchard is large and the trees are large. We cannot very well run 
a small tractor close along both sides of the rows of trees. There is not 
enough room; you have to go midway between the rows with a large tractor 
which has double action extension attachments. You may extend them 
twenty-six, thirty, or thirty-three feet; and three and one-half feet from each 
side of the tree row is close enough to them. By taking one side of a row 
and then the other side we find it a simple operation to care for the tillage 
problem. We find the tractor very economical. Sometimes we run once 
between rows both ways. They do a sight of work and do not get out of 
order much. 
Mr. Lindley: The first tractors were so heavily built that we did not 
believe we could run one in an orchard; but this year I found we could 
get a twenty horse power one for about $ 1 , 500 , so took one and put 
