THIRTY-THIRD BIENNIAL SESSION 
121 
are found at Susanville, California, where the season is short and the 
thermometer ranges below 30° F. The trees are bearing well, having been 
planted some thirty years ago. Other trees are to be found in Arkansas, 
Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Indiana, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts^ 
Michigan, Ohio, Utah and Virginia. Commercial plantings have been made 
in Delaware, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. 
The writer firmly believes that the walnut will be successfully grow®, 
in nearly all the States. The first steps toward this end must be established 
by experimenting. The introduction of varieties from the mountains o£ 
Asia; the planting of nuts from trees grown in cold climates; the planting: 
of walnuts in general and selecting the hardiest seedlings of these; hybri- 
dizing by successful plant breeders; planting grafted trees; and grafting 
the black walnuts found in nearly all parts of the middle and Eastern 
United States, will all help in bringing about success. There will be many 
failures but there will be successes as well. People throughout the United 
States and Canada are trying out many varieties and with variable success. 
Seedlings of different varieties as well as grafted trees are being planted. 
These experiences will be of great value. 
Many propagators are working to produce new varieties that will be 
better than the original walnuts and with a marked degree of success. The 
United States Department of Agriculture is searching for and introducing 
new varieties thought to be adapted to the colder States. 
The work of the Department of Agriculture through Professor Lake 
and his assistants, The College of Agriculture of Oregon, through Professors 
Lewis and Gardner, and the work of Professor Smith and his assistants 
for the College of Agriculture of California are examples of the effort being 
made to promote Walnut Culture. 
Professor Lake’s book, “The Persian Walnut Industry in the United 
States” is the first and only book published on the subject. Professor R, 
E. Smith of the California Experiment Station has a notable work in his 
bulletin “Walnut Culture in California.” 
In conclusion, I would say to those who are interested: “Plant some of 
the best varieties of walnuts as seed, plant grafted trees or obtain scions 
of the hardiest varieties and graft some of your black walnut trees which 
are found nearly everywhere in the Eastern States.” By doing this you are 
doing future generations a great service as well as doing an interesting 
work which ought to appeal to every propagator of plants. 
