THIRTY-THIRD BIENNIAL, SESSION 
1 77 
The replies, about one hundred and twenty-five in number, indicate the 
value of size. The prevailing opinion of commission men, expressed by an 
average of their replies, is, in effect, that a two and one-half inch size is worth 
seventy-five cents more per barrel than a two inch size, and a three inch 
size is worth sixty-five cents more per barrel than a two and one-half inch 
size. 
In conclusion let we emphasize a few points which I have tried to 
make clear: 
(a) The fruit-growers are practically unanimous in the belief that 
our present first grade should be divided according to size. 
(b) We are agreed that the regulations of the Sulzer Bill represent 
progress, and we suggest two changes for consideration: 
A different size requirement, and a size requirement for each variety. 
It seems to me that the time it ripe to act in this matter, and if it is the 
proper thing for me to do I am going to suggest that the American Pomo- 
logical Society appoint a committee to consider these questions and take such 
steps as are necesary to secure definite recommendations. 
Discussion. 
President Goodman: A very valuable and comprehensive paper. We 
will take up the matter of discussion now, covering these two papers and 
the paper that we had this morning; and in order to keep you in line as to how 
to take these up, we will discuss this last paper first. A great many have 
asked to get a little more inspiration about tractors in orchards, and after 
we are through the discussion of the packing and sorting we will take up 
the matter of cultivation and the tractor engines. The question is before 
you as to the better methods of grading and packing apples. I have always 
wondered — why it was necessary ever to face a barrel of apples anyway. 
Everybody knows that it is a lie all the way through; every buyer and 
broker knows it ; and yet every buyer and every commission man wants you 
to do it — and what in the world it gains or amounts to when it is done I 
can not see. 
Mr. Burton: Mr. President, I do not want to be forward but I have 
thought much about this matter of facing a barrel of apples. We generally 
sell our apples in the barrel; sometimes they insist on double facing, and I 
always feel cross when they mention the matter of facing at all. I do 
not face barrels that I take to sale myself; they do not look well; and 
I do not know why they want it done, except to attempt to do something 
that will show off. In the box they have arrangements for making the 
apples fit nicely, but in the barrel one side will fit and the other side will 
not, and you can not help yourself. I think we ought to do away with that 
feature of packing. But I would like to ask Professor Wilson how an 
ordinary orchardist can sort, handle and pack sixty barrels of apples 
an hour — or a minute! It seems to me such a machine is impracticable 
for an orchard ; it might do for a sales house. 
Mr. Mann: It is a fact that for three years I have been using one of 
these machines which packs them at the rate of sixty barrels per hour, and 
