THIRTY-THIRD BIENNIAL, SESSION 
l8l 
have clean apples, in a clean barrel or a clean box — no matter which we 
use. And we want a fair, good, sound apple— not a diseased apple. If 
you try to sell diseased beef or other meat, you come before the grand jury 
at once. Why not take the apple broker who> is trying to sell on the market 
the diseased or wormy apple, the same way. In my opinion, Sir, it is not 
so much the need of color of the hide, beauty of the rind, or size of the apple, 
as it is the need for the honest, scmnd apple. 
Mr. Cox: I do not like to pack apples in more than two grades generally, 
the one two and one-half inches up; the other grade, two and one-fourth to 
two and one-half. The buyer usually pays one dollar a barrel for those 
grades, and of late years about fifty cents a barrel more for the larger size. 
Late in the season the smaller ones are more used; the commission men 
generally sell the larger size first. 
Mr. Roberts: I just want to say that the only better method of grad- 
ing and packing is to humor the peo»ple. Now there are markets, very large 
markets, that demand certain types, styles or sizes of packing, different pack- 
ing, and if this is very carefully observed they will pay a better price. At the 
Philadelphia market the preference is for apples in baskets; why not give 
them a basket package then? And more often it is either a box or a barrel 
than anything else. My friends and neighbors buy the apples in our markets 
in large five-eighth bushel baskets — why not humor them? 
Voice: I have found the full bushel basket best, not individually 
preferable perhaps, but the best we can get, in Nashville, (Tenn.) 
President Goodman. We shipped ten carloads of bushel baskets down 
in Tennessee this last fall. 
Voice: What was the result of that shipment, Mr. President? 
President Goodman: Got more for them than anywhere else; and the 
No. 3 baskets did not cost us as much as the No. 1. 
Mr. Sears: It is probably imprudent for a No. 2 man like me to differ 
from No. 1 men, and I do not wish to be understood as defending the over- 
facing of a barrel, but I do not agree with either of these men. It seems to 
me it is merely putting up your apples in an attractive way. I would not 
say that there is any deception in it. I can not say anything in particular 
against facing, as far as I can see; it is merely a good business method of 
displaying apples. You know our friend had trouble in getting the apples 
to' line up in the box or barrel; I think that is merely a matter of individ- 
uality or custom, and I know that the time has come when we are going to 
be just as particular about any of these apples in barrels as we are of the 
ones in boxes. A three and one-half apple will give you two rings and 
one apple in the center, and so on down the line. ISmaller fruit allows more 
than two rings, with three in the center, and nothing right in the middle of 
it; and your barrel will be giving full measure and be attractive the same 
as your box. 
President: I shall take occasion, because of the recommendation of 
Professor Wilson, to refer this matter to the Committee on Grading and 
Packing Fruit, and they may take it up and cover the different points that 
he asks to be considered in this paper. 
