200 
Hill and de Fraine . — On the 
Series A and B. Eleven cotyledons were present each with one 
massive endarch collateral bundle, which became tangentially elongated 
as the cotyledonary node was approached. 
The transition took place in the manner described for Cedrns atlandca 
and other plants ; the seed-leaf bundles rotated in pairs giving rise to 
a pentarch root-structure, the remaining cotyledonary bundle took no part 
in the vascular rearrangement, and the seed-leaf to which it belonged thus 
is to be classed as a subsidiary member, while the rest are half- cotyledons. 
This agrees with the outline given by Strasburger 1 , who mentions that the 
cotyledons vary from 11-4, and also with more extensive description by 
Dangeard 2 who gives many figures to illustrate the course of the bundles, 
and enters fully into histological details. 
Series C. The number of seed-leaves was nine, eight of which formed 
a well-marked cotyledonary tube. The ninth also fitted into the tube, but 
was clearly out of place. In the hypocotyl the vascular strand derived 
from this ninth seed-leaf was situated within the zone formed by the other 
cotyledonary bundles, and was orientated obliquely. Gradually, it passed 
outwards, rotating on its own axis through an angle of about 90°, and 
fused with the nearest cotyledonary trace. From its behaviour and position 
we conclude that this ninth seed-leaf is in reality not a cotyledon at all, but 
a foliage leaf out of place. 
This point, taken in conjunction with the peculiarity described in 
Cedrus Deodara (Series A), is of some interest as it shows a second way in 
which the number of cotyledons may have been increased. 
We look upon the case of Cedrns Deodara as an earlier stage in the 
formation of a seed-leaf from a foliage member of the first plumular whorl. 
It may also be remarked that Tansley and Thomas, in the discussion 
on seedlings at the British Association Meeting at York, expressed their 
opinion that in some cases the number of cotyledons may be increased by 
the displacement of leaves of the first foliage whorl. 
Finns Thunbergii, Pari., closely resembles P. Pinea. 
Pinus Gerardiana , Wall. The only seedling available had ten seed- 
leaves 3 , the majority of the vascular strands of which behaved like those of 
P. Pinea. Some description, however, is necessary on account of the part 
played by one of the cotyledonary bundles. All the bundles entered the 
axis as collateral structures and formed, with the traces derived from the 
plumule, a close vascular cylinder. One seed-leaf-strand then bifurcated 
and rotated to bring its protoxylem into the exarch position. A resin duct 
very soon was formed opposite this protoxylem. The rest of the cotyle- 
donary traces behaved as in P. Pinea y one being subsidiary and the rest 
1 Strasburger, loc. cit. 2 Dangeard, loc. cit. 
3 Masters Joe. cit.) gives 3-8. 
