405 
the Ascocarp in Ascophanus carneus , Pens. 
also at times in the cells of the terminal vegetative portion of the archicarp. 
It is evidently of the nature of food-reserve and is not found in very old 
fruits (Fig. 5). 
The nuclei in the ascogonial region show at this time a well-marked 
nucleolus surrounded by a homogeneous space and bounded by a nuclear 
membrane. The nuclei in the basal and terminal parts are in general 
intermediate in structure between the ascogonial and the ordinary vegetative 
nuclei. In slightly different stages, however, the nuclei vary in minute 
details as, for example, in the relative sizes of the nucleolus and the 
nuclear cavity. 
When the archicarp is as yet but slightly covered, the characteristic 
granules on the transverse walls fuse and form pads which close the pores 
(Fig. 5 ). 
The apical portion of the archicarp as a rule degenerates early, and 
with the loss of contents all of the pads disappear, except the one immedi- 
ately adjoining the transverse wall which separates this region from the 
ascogonial. This pad is very well marked, and the wall bearing it is usually 
much thickened (Fig. 14). 
In the basal portion of the ascogonium the pads are more persistent 
and very well marked ; so much so as to be often of great service in the 
identification of this region, especially when the individal cells have to 
be followed through a long series of sections (Fig. 14). 
The pads in the ascogonium soon, and, as far as could be ascertained, 
suddenly disappear, and with them that portion of the wall around the pore 
which was covered by them. In this way a very wide secondary pore, 
about a third of the width of the transverse wall, is formed (Fig. 11). The 
ascogonial transverse walls do not lose their pads simultaneously nor, as far 
as could be ascertained, in any definite order, but quite irregularly (Fig. 5). 
When the whole series of pores is formed, the ascogonium is practically 
one large cell (Fig. 22) with a varying number of ring-like ingrowths, and it 
presents a very similar appearance to the adult ascogonium of Ascobolus 
fnipuracens as described by Harper ( 19 ) and by Miss Welsford ( 27 ). 
The exact manner in which these secondary pores are formed has not 
been observed. No evidence was obtained for their formation by the 
gradual widening of the original pores, on the contrary the dissolution 
of the pads and the formation of the secondary pores seem to have always 
taken place simultaneously, and this suggests that the two processes are 
intimately connected. Pads were often found lying free in the cells, and 
showing indications that they contained the portion of the wall on which 
they were originally deposited. It is possible that some of these may have 
been torn away in the process of cutting, but in some cases the trans- 
verse wall was at right angles to the razor during the process of sectioning, 
and this explanation would hardly count here. Often traces of what seemed 
