458 Hill and de Fraine . — Seedling Structure of Gymno sperms. 
Fig. 4. A young seedling of Macrozamia spiralis. 
Fig. 5. A young seedling of Stangeria sp. ; the plumule is just showing. 
Fig. 6. An older example showing the cotyledons embedded in the endosperm, a greater 
development of the plumule, and a dichotomously-branched primary root. 
Fig. 7. A still older seedling of Stangeria sp. in which the cotyledons have decayed and the 
hypocotyl enlarged. 
Fig. 8. A seedling of Encephalartos Altensteinii showing the unequal cotyledons embedded in 
the prothallus. 
Fig. 9. An older specimen. 
Fig. 10. A still older example with a swollen hypocotyl. 
