8 
Evans . — Branching in the Leafy Hepaticae. 
Europe, Asia, and North America, represents Eulepidozia adequately and 
is shown in Fig. 8. It will be noted that both stem and branch are dextrorse 
in the fragment drawn. The normal leaves in L. reptans are three- or four- 
cleft to about the middle, but the incomplete leaf at the base of a branch is 
only two-cleft, the apices of the lobes showing in the figure. This leaf is 
attached partly to the stem and partly to the branch, but is separated by 
a considerable distance from the first underleaf. The latter is usually bifid, 
although undivided or even trifid underleaves sometimes occur in this 
position. It is strongly concave and is inserted in such a way that the 
branch seems to arise in its axil. In fact, Stephani speaks of it as a sub- 
Fig. 8. Lepidozia reptans. Huelgoat Fig. 9. Sprucella succida. N’dian, Kamerun 
(Finistere), France (F. Camus), x 40. (P. Dusen, Hep. Afr., No. 100). x 40. 
tending leaf (’ 91 , p. 315). The sequence, however, shows clearly that it 
ought to be considered an underleaf, and this conclusion is supported by the 
fact that hyaline papillae are present at the apices of the lobes. In a leaf 
arising from a lateral segment there are no such papillae in the apical 
region. With the exception of the first underleaf the leaves of a branch 
show no special modifications, although a gradual increase in size is usually 
apparent. 
Sprucella . — The genus Sprucella of Stephani (’ 91 , p. 314), which 
includes the single African species S', succida , is closely allied to Lepidozia . 
The incubous leaves, which are almost longitudinally attached, are shortly 
bidentate at the apex, but are otherwise entire. The underleaves are much 
smaller ; on robust stems they are nearly always quadrifid, but they may 
be only trifid or bifid. The terminal branching is essentially as in Lepidozia , 
but shows a few differences in detail The incomplete leaf, for example, 
