1 62 Bliss . — A Contribution to the Life-history of Viola . 
The cytoplasm of the egg is condensed at its base, and surrounds the 
large spherical nucleus. 
Fusion of the second sperm with the endosperm nucleus was observed 
in Viola cucullata . 
The endosperm nucleus divides several times before the sexual nuclei 
have fused, and in some cases before they are in contact. 
The first division of the fertilized egg results in the formation of two 
cells nearly equal in size. There is no suggestion of a suspensor. 
As the endosperm increases it forms a sheath around the embryo, and 
outlines a cavity beneath it which nearly equals in length that of the 
embryo-sac. This cavity persists until the seed is nearly mature. 
In the mature seed the embryo is about an eighth of an inch long, and 
lies at the micropylar end of the seed surrounded by a solid mass of 
endosperm. It is bright green and is clearly differentiated into caulicle 
and cotyledons. 
In conclusion, I wish to acknowledge to Professor Ferguson my sincere 
gratitude for her constant inspiration and invaluable aid throughout this 
work, and to thank Professor Macfarlane for the many courtesies extended 
to me during the weeks spent at the University of Pennsylvania. 
Wellesley College. 
Literature cited. 
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pp. 147-79, PI- XII-XVIII. 
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New York, 1903. 
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1902, pp. 31 1-402, PI. VI-XIII. 
4 . Ernst, A. : Chromosomenreduction, Entwickelung des Embryosackes und Befruchtung bei Paris 
quadrifolia , L., und Trillium grandiflorum , Salis. Flora, xci, 1902, pp. 1-46, PI. I- VI. 
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pp. 626-59, PI. XV, XVI. 
6. Lloyd, F. E. : The Comparative Embryology of the Rubiaceae. Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, viii, 
1902, pp. 27-112, Pl. VIII-XV. 
7 . Mottier, D. M. : Contributions to the Embryology of the Ranunculaceae. Bot. Gazette, xx, 
1895, pp. 241-8, 296-304, PI. XVII-XX. 
8. Opperman, K. M. : The Development of the Embryo-sac, Fertilization, and Related Phenomena 
in Aster . Bot. Gazette, xxxvii, 1904, pp. 346-52, PI. XIV, XV. 
9. Wylie, R. B. : The Morphology of Elodea Canadensis. Bot. Gazette, xxxvii, 1904, pp. 1-22, 
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