1 86 
Hill and de Fraine. — On the 
(c. i) enters the hypocotyl ; these strands soon bifurcate and a well-marked 
rotation rapidly follows, the adjacent phloems unite, and a diarch root is 
organized according to type 3. 
The bundles seen in the outer regions are, of course, the branches of 
the lateral strands (c. 3 and c. 4 on the one side) already referred to. 
The endodermis of the root is well marked, and immediately surround- 
ing it is an aerating zone. 
The primary condition of the root is maintained downwards only for 
a very short distance, anomalous secondary thickening 
beginning even in the roots of quite young seedlings. 
vS. perennis , Mill., and Smithiana , Moss, are in 
all essential features similar to 5. enropaea. 
SPIROLOBEAE. 
Suaeda maritima , Dumort, is very like Calan - 
drinia Menziesii , with the exception that the behaviour 
of the laterals is rather irregular ; their number is 
variable and those adjacent to the central bundle may 
fuse with it, whilst others end blindly below. No 
cotyledonary tube is formed. As in Kochia, Obione , 
and others of the preceding plants, there is a delay 
in the fusion in the groups of cotyledonary phloem- 
elements in the axis. 
Suaeda dendroides , Moq., has a much smaller 
seedling than the previous plant ; the transition 
phenomena are, however, essentially similar. The 
only point of difference is that the lateral strands are 
disposed of at a higher level, and there is not much 
delay in the organization of a proper diarch root- 
structure. 
Salsola Kali , L. Seedlings of this plant in dif- 
ferent stages of development are shown in Fig. 4. 
With regard to the transition phenomena, they 
are almost precisely similar to those of Amaranthus 
caudatus , the only difference being that in Salsola 
the protoxylems of the main seed-leaf-bundles are not so fully exarch at 
the cotyledonary node. With regard to other features, there is a well- 
marked cotyledonary tube in Salsola , and the palisade parenchyma, with its 
associated cells, of the upper part of the seed-leaves, which are centric in 
structure, is continued downwards in four columns to the cotyledonary node. 
Fig. 4. Salsola Kali. 
In the two younger seed- 
lings the cotyledons are 
still enclosed within the 
fruit. Natural size. 
