Laboulbenia chaetophora and L. Gyrinidarum. 351 
9. There are two other mitoses prior to spore formation, and both are 
homotypic. 
10. The spores are delimited by the method characteristic for ordinary 
sac-fungi. The astral rays do not fuse laterally to form the primary 
protoplasmic spore membrane. 
11. Four only of the eight nuclei, the lower on each spindle, are 
functional in spore formation, the others soon degenerate. 
12. The main theoretical conclusions reached are as follows: — 
(1) the Laboulbeniales are true Ascomycetes ; 
(2) it is probable that the only nuclear fusion in the life cycle 
takes place in the ascus ; 
(3) conjugate divisions of nuclei constitute a significant phase 
in the sexual phenomena of the sac-fungi. 
University of Toronto, 
October 23, 1911. 
References. 
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Berlese, A. N. (’99) : Studi citologici sui funghi. Riv. patol. veg., vii. 
Blackman, V. H. (’04) : On the Fertilization, Alternation of Generations, and General Cytology 
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Blackman and Fraser (’06) : Further Studies on the Sexuality of the Uredineae. Ann. Bot.,xx. 
— : On the Sexuality and Development of the Ascocarp of Huniaria 
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Brooks, F. T. (TO) : The Development of Gnomonia erythrostoma. Ann. Bot., xxiv. 
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42-45. 
(TO) : The Development of the Ascocarp of Leotia. Bot. Gaz., 1, 443-459. 
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Claussen, P. (’05) : Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Ascomyceten Boudiera. Bot. Zeit., Ixiii. 
— (’07) : Zur Kenntnis der Kernverhaltnisse von Pyronema conjluens (Vorlaufige Mit- 
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Connolly, C. J. (’ll) : Beitrage zur Kenntnis einiger Florideen. Flora, ciii, Heft 2, 1911. 
Dangeard, P. A. (’93) : Recherches sur la reproduction sexuelle des Champignons. Le Botaniste. 
Also a number of other articles in later volumes of Le Botaniste. 
(’94 -’95) : La reproduction sexuelle des Ascomycetes. Le Botaniste. 
(’95) : La reproduction sexuelle chez les Basidiomycetes. Le Botaniste, 4 e s<£rie. 
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Le Botaniste. 
