39 6 Reed . — Some Points in the Morphology and 
interfered with. The shoots twist and curl in all directions, with an apparent 
disregard for all heliotropic and geotropic stimuli (Fig. 3, k). 
Anatomy of fasciated shoots. As is well known, four bundles pass into 
the hypocotyl from each cotyledon. In passing down the hypocotyl these 
become orientated, so that a tetrarch stele is formed in the root. 
Secondary thickening commences very early, so that in a young seed- 
ling an almost complete vascular ring is found near the top of the hypocotyl 
(Fig* 5). From this ring is given off the vascular supply to the fasciated 
shoots. To the right and left of this central stele lateral steles are given 
off which pass out into the fasciated shoots. It 
has been pointed out above that the hypocotyl 
has also become fasciated, and this fasciation is 
also reflected in its anatomical structure. These 
lateral steles do not immediately become sepa- 
rated from the central stele, but they run parallel 
with it for some little distance, so that at this 
level one gets a polystelic structure consisting 
of three parallel steles (Figs. 6 and 7, F.st .). This 
condition of the stele has been frequently de- 
scribed by Worsdell and others for other plants. 
Before these steles are separated from the 
parent stem they proceed to give off other lateral 
steles which pass out into the second fasciated 
shoots. These steles behave similarly to the 
first pair of laterals and remain attached to the 
parent stem, so that a polystelic structure con- 
sisting of five steles is shown (Fig. 8, F.st. 2 ). 
Sooner or later, however, the fasciation breaks 
up and the steles pass out into the separate 
fasciated shoots. 
The anatomical features of the individual 
fasciated shoots call for no detailed description. 
The normally cylindrical stele becomes laterally attenuated and follows 
more or less completely the configuration of the malformed shoot. No 
pronounced abnormal structures were seen in the stele of these shoots, 
although it is not uncommon to find that the whole arrangement of 
the stele may be considerably interfered with. On the whole one finds 
perhaps fewer lignified elements in such vascular tissue, but this may be 
correlated with the comparatively rapid growth of the shoot and its 
generally etiolated appearance, and the fact that its subsequent develop- 
ment is also arrested, so that the elements remain in a more or less 
immature condition. 
A case which calls for special mention is one in which the fasciation 
