4^5 
Stiles. — The Podoccirpeae. 
of tissue which ultimately differentiates into the radicle and the two cotyle- 
dons (PL XLVI, Figs. 12-14). As the latter in the course of their growth 
destroy the prothallus cells a plug of prothallus tissue is left between them 
and presents a striking appearance (PI. XLVI, Fig. 14). 
In the mature seed the procambial strands are already obvious, and it 
is evident that the cotyledons will each contain two vascular bundles 
at some distance from one another (PI. XLVI, Fig. 13). 
xii. Seedling Structure. 
As far as I am aware the only recorded observations on seedling 
structure of the Podocarpeae are the fragmentary ones of Geyler 1 and 
Van Tieghem 2 on Phyllocladus , and those of Hill and de Fraine 3 on 
a single species of Podocarpus , P. chinensis {P. macrophyllus , subsp. rnaki). 
Further observations on this part of the subject are therefore needed ; 
in this work, however, no material of seedlings was available. 
From the observations referred to it appears that in P. macrophyllus , 
subsp. maki there are two cotyledons, each traversed by a pair of vascular 
bundles endarch and collateral in nature. Transfusion tissue is developed 
laterally. The primary root is diarch, each pole of the primary xylem 
being continuous with the fused pair of xylem-strands of one cotyledon. 
The same arrangement probably obtains in Phyllocladus , but of other 
genera we know nothing. 
xiii. Geographical Distribution. 
The Podocarpeae have a very interesting distribution. Pherosphaera 
has two species, one of which is found only in the mountains of New South 
Wales, while the other occurs exclusively on the mountains of Tasmania. 
The genus Microcachrys has the same very limited range as the latter species, 
while Saxegothaea occurs only on the Chilian Andes. Dacrydium is essen- 
tially an island type, being almost limited to the islands of the Malay and 
Australasian region ; one species, however ( D . Fonkii), occurs in the Andes 
of Chili. The distribution of Phyllocladus is similar to that of Dacrydium , 
but is more restricted in its range. In marked contrast to the other genera is 
Podocarpus. This must be regarded as the dominant Conifer in the Southern 
Hemisphere, as it occurs in South America, the West Indian Islands, South 
and Central Africa, Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and the Australasian 
and Malay Archipelagoes. It stretches into the Northern Hemisphere in 
China, Japan, the Malay Peninsula, Burma, and India. On the whole it 
may be said that Podocarpus occupies the place in the Southern Hemisphere 
that is occupied in the Northern Hemisphere by Pinus. These two genera 
must be regarded, both from the point of view of numbers of species and of 
wide geographical distribution, as the successful Conifers of the present day. 
1 Geyler, T. H. (’81). 2 Van Tieghem (70). 
3 Hill, T. G., and de Fraine, E. (’08), p. 694. 
K k 
