549 
Female Strobihis in Podocarpns. 
comparison with some Angiosperms, at this stage. Lloyd (32) has described 
vivipary in P. Makoyi , Bl., a species referred by Pilger (40, p. 79 ) to 
P. macrophylla , Don, var. tnaki , Sieb. Naaml, from Japan, grown in the 
United States. He describes the hypocotyls as always extruding from 
the ovules, while the latter are still attached to the sporophyte. No histo- 
logical details are given, so that it is impossible to compare the develop- 
ment of the embryo in each case. 
In Fig. 46 all the growth in the embryo in comparison with the 
previous stage (Fig. 45 , emb.) seems limited to the hypocotyl, the cotyle- 
dons remaining almost stationary in their development. 
The structure of the hypocotyl is essentially that of a root. There 
is a limiting epidermis with small nuclei and no starch contents ; this is 
succeeded by the cortical layers packed with starch and penetrated by 
resin canals, which are chiefly aggregated towards the periphery, and sur- 
rounding the plerome cylinder. The plerome consists of elongated elements 
with small nuclei and no cell contents. Two procambial strands, of two 
or three spiral vessels, occur, one on each side of the plerome cylinder 
(Fig. 46 , procam . alternating with the two areas of primary bast. The 
central pith consists of long, narrow, rectangular cells with no contents 
and several resin canals. Two strands pass into each cotyledon, which 
arise from the respective poles of protoxylem in the hypocotyl. Resin 
canals are distributed as in the latter. 
Fig. 47 shows an embryo dissected out. 
P. neriifolia . 
This species in Fiji is of Willow-like habit, and regularly outlines the 
streams in that country, the branches spreading over the face of the water. 
The strobili are conspicuous, as the bracts and ovuliferous scale are unusually 
long in structure, and so stand well above the dark leaves, to which their 
glaucous bloom forms a pleasing contrast. 
It was determined as P. bracteata , BL, by Seeman (48, p. 266 ), who 
first collected it in Fiji; but it does not appear to be the P. bracteata , BL, as 
grown at Buitenzorg and put in P. neriifolia , Don, by Pilger (40, p. 80 ), 
nor is the Fijian plant quoted in his monograph. The structure of the 
leaves is quite distinct. In the latter there are two lateral resin canals, in 
close association with the transfusion tissue, which forms a small group on 
the outer side of each resin canal ; whereas in the former the resin canals are 
medianly placed, and quite distinct from the two lateral groups of transfusion 
tissue. 
The leaves are not quite as long as in the Javan plant, and are much 
narrower. The Fijian habitat also, always on the banks of streams, has 
not been recorded for P. neriifolia in any other locality. 
