On the Structure and Relationships of Trigonocarpus 
Shorensis, sp. nov, 
A New Seed from the Palaeozoic Rocks . 1 
BY 
E. J. SALISBURY, B.Sc.., F.L.S. 
Lecturer in Botany , Bast London College , University of London . 
With Plates IV and V and eight Figures in the Text. 
Contents. 
PAGE 
I. 
Introduction .... 
39 
II. 
General Features . 
III. 
The Testa .... 
44 
1 . The Sclerotesta .... 
44 
2. The Sarcotesta .... 
46 
(a) General structure 
46 
( b ) The Peripheral zone . 
48 
(c) The Secretory system 
49 
3. The Inner flesh .... 
52 
IV. 
The Vascular Organization . 
(«) The Chalazal bundle and Nu- 
52 
cellar system .... 
52 
( b ) The Sarcotestal system . 
(d) Additional facts as to the vascu- 
lar system of Trigonocarpus 
55 
Parkinsoni .... 
56 
V. 
The Nucellus .... 
59 
VI. 
The Pollen Chamber 
61 
VII. 
Comparison with other Types 
62 
t. Trigonocarpus Parkinsoni . 
62 
PAGE 
2. Trigonocarpus Oliveri ; its sys- 
tematic position 
64 
3. Fructifications of Neuropteris 
heterophylla and Neuropteris 
obliqua ..... 
65 
4. Trigonocarpus corrugatus . 
66 
5. Comparison with Cycads . 
67 
VIII. 
General Discussion of the 
Testa 
68 
1. The multiple origin of the in- 
tegument in the Trigonocarpeae 
68 
2. The question of a homogeneous 
or dual Phylogeny . 
72 
IX. 
The Origin of the Integument 
IN THE TRIGONOCARPEAEAND 
the La genosto males . 
73 
X. 
Relation to Vegetative Or- 
gans 
76 
XI. 
Diagnosis ..... 
76 
XII. 
Summary 
77 
XIII. 
Explanation of Plates . 
78 
I. Introduction. 
T HE bulk of the material which forms the basis of this communication 
was placed in my hands for investigation by Prof. F. W. Oliver ; and 
I gladly take this opportunity of expressing my deep indebtedness to 
him for much helpful advice and criticism, and also for putting at my dis- 
posal such slides of the University College Collection as I have had occasion 
to consult. 
1 Thesis approved for the degree of Doctor of Science in the University of London, 
[Annals of Botany, Vol. XXVIII. No. CIX. January, 1914.] 
