Sinnott and Bailey . — The Origin and 
573 
lower than that of most Mediterranean floras, but the species of the endemic 
genera show a much smaller percentage of herbs. If we leave out the four 
endemic genera of Crassulaceae, which are somewhat anomalous and in 
which it is usually difficult to decide whether a species should be classed as 
a herb or a woody plant, only 9 per cent, of th*e species of the endemic 
genera are herbs. If the endemic genera are to be regarded as the most 
ancient portion of the vegetation, their present composition points clearly 
to the conclusion that the Canaries once had a flora composed very largely 
of woody forms, and that since this flora must have been derived mainly 
from the adjacent mainland, the vegetation of the mainland must also have 
been at one time predominantly woody. 
J. The Azores . 
The Azores, although much farther from a continent than the Canaries, 
have but a very small endemic element in their flora and possess no endemic 
genera. The indigenous flora is made up largely of European species, 
though there are a number which exhibit American affinities. Out of 247 
native Dicotyledons 217 are herbaceous, or 88 per cent., a proportion much 
like that of northern Europe. The paucity of endemic species is probably 
due to the great extinction of the ancient flora during the ice invasion. 
The present flora, therefore, unlike that of most oceanic islands, has been 
recently acquired, and consequently displays, as we might expect, a very 
large percentage of herbs. 
K. Bermuda. 
The flora of Bermuda seems also to be very recent in origin, for there 
appear to be no undoubtedly endemic species, the indigenous plants being 
identical with those in the West Indies and the eastern part of the United 
States. We consequently fail to find the dominance of woody plants which 
is apparent in oceanic islands that received their flora in more ancient times. 
No exact statistics for Bermuda are easily available, but herbs predominate 
in the element which has been derived from the United States, and woody 
plants in the West Indian portion. 
L. Socotra. 
The island of Socotra, in the Indian Ocean, 150 miles east of Cape 
Guardafui, possesses a flora which, from the extent of its endemism, must 
be rather ancient. An analysis of it, based on Balfour’s ‘ Flora ’, is given 
below : 
Indigenous species 
Non-endemic species 
Endemic species of non-endemic genera . . 
Species of endemic genera 
Total Species. 
Herbs. 
% Herbs . 
5i7 
3 2 5 1 
63 
33i 
280 1 
85 
164 
43 
26 
22 
2 
9 
1 Estimated. 
