Ranales, Rhoeadales , and Rosales. 
71 1 
Text-fig. 22. Calycanthus floridns. 
A, Cotyledonary node ; b, Root of abnor- 
mal specimen. Diagrammatic. 
Calycanthaceae. 
Calycanthus Jloridus , C. praecox , C. occidentalism and C. ( Chimonan thus) 
fragrans. The very long hypocotyl shows an elliptical stele with four 
collateral bundles at the comers. At the cotyledonary node the two at the 
same end of the ellipse pass out into the base of a cotyledonary petiole, 
where they approach each other slowly, 
to form a very widely separated ‘ double 
bundle the halves of which are, as it were, 
linked together by a few scattered and 
disorganizing protoxylem elements (Text- 
fig. 22, a ). These protoxylem elements 
can be identified occasionally here and 
there in the hypocotyl isolated in the coty- 
ledonary plane. (Cf. Decaisnea , described 
above.) A short distance from the base 
of the petiole lateral bundles become 
distinct from the central 4 double but 
remain in close connexion nearly to the top 
of the petiole. 
Outlining the inner margin of the 
four cotyledonary strands of the hypo- 
cotyl is a fringe of crushed protoxylem 
elements at an age when no plumular tissue is lignified. At the base 
of the hypocotyl the protoxylem in the four strands becomes exarch, and 
with the exception of certain individuals of C. Jloridus , a tetrarch root is 
formed through the production of a phloem group in the cotyledonary plane. 
I have not satisfied myself with regard to the origin of this phloem strand, 
but Chauveaud 1 describes it as taking its origin in the hypocotyl, or, 
considering the strand from root upwards as ending blindly in the hypo- 
cotyl, having no connexion with the upper part of the seedling. Older 
seedlings of C. praecox show small ‘ secondary ’ bundles between the halves 
of the double bundle, as the result of cambial activity near the cotyledonary 
node. It is possible that these may connect with the cotyledonary phloem 
groups just described. 
The exceptional individuals of C. Jloridus possessed a diarch root with 
the poles in the customary cotyledonary planes (Text-fig. 22, b ). (Cf. 
Decaisnea.) 
Anonaceae. 
Anona triloba. The stele of the hypocotyl is somewhat similar to 
that of Calycanthus in the upper part, but the double bundle forms much 
more of a unit with central exarch protoxylem obvious up to the cotyledonary 
node and present in a rather more mesarch position in the base of the 
1 Loc. cit. 
