3 H Massee and Salmon — Researches on 
of various animals will in all probability add many interesting 
species to our Mycologic Flora. 
In many continental countries this special branch of 
Mycology has not been neglected, excellent work having 
been done by Hansen (15) in Denmark; Boudier (4) and 
Crouan (n, 12) in France; Coemans (8, 9) and Marchal (20) 
in Belgium ; Spegazzini (37) in Italy ; Heimerl (17) and Zukal 
(50-54) in Austria; Winter (41-45) and Zopf (47-49) in 
Germany; Karsten (19) in Finland, and Chelchowski (7) 
in Poland. 
Morphology, Spore-germination, etc. 
As coprophilous Fungi do not form a concrete group they 
cannot be treated from a comparative point of view, never- 
theless certain structural features claim attention. The most 
typical of ascigerous coprophilous Fungi are those included in 
the Sordarieae and the Ascoboleae , and as already noted of 
dung-borne Fungi, when treating of the genus Coprinus in this 
Journal (22), the spores in both these groups are as a rule 
comparatively large and deeply coloured — characteristics of 
a primitive type ; in the genera Ascobolus and Saccobolus the 
spores — as in every Fungus — are hyaline when young, subse- 
quently the epispore passes from pale lilac through bright 
violet to deep brown, the final colouration in many instances 
becoming so intense as to render the spore opaque when 
viewed by transmitted light. In the Sordarieae the spores 
are always dark brown and often quite opaque — hence ap- 
pearing black at maturity. 
In some species of Ascobolus each spore is surrounded by a 
hyaline mucilaginous layer, whereas in Saccobolus the four 
or eight spores contained in an ascus are agglutinated together 
at maturity, in a definite manner for each species, by a mass 
of mucilage (Figs. 50, 51). This massing together of the 
spores in the ascus is the one feature that distinguishes the 
genus Saccobolus from Ascobolus . It is, however, in species of 
the Sordarieae that the presence of hyaline mucilage on the 
spores reaches its fullest development. In many species the 
