640 Worsdell . — The Morphology of the 
distinct peltate structure bearing the pollen-sacs (here multi- 
plied in number) on its lower and inner surface. It is the 
same radially-symmetrical, peltate type of sporophyll which 
occurs in that primitive group the Calamariae. Taxus thus 
represents an advance from the earlier types of Cephalotaxus, 
Ginkgo , &c. towards the sub-peltate dorsiventral type of 
sporophyll of the true Coniferae. If the male 5 flowers 3 of 
Taxus and Ginkgo , &c. be regarded as ‘ cones,’ that of Cephalo- 
taxus would be a compound cone : considered apart from the 
nature of the lateral appendages, the relationship in this 
respect between the two former genera and the last-named 
is that existing between a raceme and a panicle ; in other 
words, the flowers of Cephalotaxus pertain to a higher grade 
of branching than those of the other genera. The relationship 
may be thus expressed : — 
Male Flowers. 
Ginkgo. 
Phyllocladus. 
Cephalotaxus. 
Torreya. 
Taxus . 
Flowers single 
in axils of scale- 
or foliage-leaves. 
Flowers single 
in axils of scale- 
or foliage-leaves. 
Flowers group- 
ed in compact in- 
florescence in axils 
of foliage-leaves. 
Flowers single 
in axils of foliage- 
leaves. 
Flowers single 
in axils of foliage- 
leaves. 
Floral axis with 
no bracts below 
the sporophylls. 
Floral axis with 
a single bract be- 
low the sporo- 
phylls. 
Floral axis 
with no bracts 
below sporo- 
phylls. 
Floral axis with 
bracts below the 
sporophylls. 
Floral axis with 
bracts below the 
sporophylls. 
Sporophylls ra- 
dially- symmetrical 
in structure. 
Sporophylls ra- 
dially - symmetri- 
cal in structure. 
Sporophylls ra- 
dially - symmetri- 
cal in structure. 
Sporophylls ra- 
dially - symmetri- 
cal in structure. 
Sporophylls ra- 
dially-symmetrical 
in structure : pel- 
tate. 
Pollen-sacs sub- 
terminal, pendu- 
lous. 
Pollen - sacs 
subterminal, pen- 
dulous. 
Pollen - sacs 
subterminal, pen- 
dulous. 
Pollen - sacs 
subterminal, pen- 
dulous. 
Pollen-sacs in- 
serted on inner 
surface of peltate 
portion. 
As regards the female flowers, Eichler 1 held the short, 
secondary shoots of Taxus and Torreya , which bear each 
1 Eichler, ‘ Bltithendiagramme,’ Theil I, p. 65, 1875. 
