38 
Oliver and Salisbury . — On the Structure and 
2 . Conostoma anglo -germ an icnm , sp. nov. 1 
Localities. Shore, Littleborough ; Dulesgate ; Langendreer, West- 
phalia ; Colliery Rheinpreussen, near Duisburg — Seam Finefrau, Neben- 
bank. 
Horizon . Lower Coal Measures. 
Seed eight-ribbed, the four major vascular more prominent than the 
four minor non-vascular, which fall short of apex. 
Dimensions : length 7 mm., broadest diameter 2*3 mm. 
G ne top sis elliptica , Ren. and Zeill. 
iii. Lagenostomeae. 
Free part of integument consisting of more or less completely united 
segments; very obscurely angled. Lagenostome with tube reaching surface 
of seed and persistent central cone of tissue ; low plinth with gentle 
gradient ; no ‘ tent-pole 
Lagenostoma ovoides , Will. 
Lagenostoma Lomaxii , Will. MS. 
Lagenostoma Sinclairii , Arber, perhaps came here. 
An outer envelope or lobed cupule has been described for L. Lomaxii 
and L. Sinclairii. 
It is probable that Miss Benson’s Sphaerostoma ovale (Will.) will have to 
be added as a fourth type to the three enumerated above. Its inclusion here 
would be premature as the seed is undergoing re-description. 
With the exception of Lagenostoma Lomaxii , which has been definitely 
referred to Lyginodendron Oldhamium , the parentage of none of the seeds 
has been determined. In view, however, of the broad agreement in type 
which they all show, an ultimate reference of these seeds to plants of Lygino- 
dendron affinity seems not improbable. 
As a convenient collective name for the whole of the seed types 
or series just enumerated we would suggest, at any rate for provisional use, 
the name Lagenostomales. 
VI. The Pollination Mechanisms of the Lagenostomales. 
The detailed study of the various seeds grouped under the Lageno- 
stomales has led to the recognition of three distinct types of mechanism 
1 The course followed here of including this seed as a second species of Conostoma perhaps 
demands a word of explanation. The peculiar character of the ribbing, with alternation of major 
and minor ribs, would go far to justify the creation of a new genus, particularly when regard is had 
to the relative importance of the testa as a diagnostic character in fossil seeds. Earlier workers in 
this field have repeatedly founded genera on equally trivial characters, e. g. Brongniart in his 
Graines silicifiees. Our motive in refraining for the present from raising C. anglo -germanicum to 
generic rank is to emphasize the fact of the essential identity of its internal organization with that of 
C. oblongum. 
