Lee. — The Morphology of Leaf-falL 105 
detection of mucilage the ordinary methods were adopted, and for cut in 
the usual tests were confirmed by treatment with a fresh solution of chloro- 
phyll, when a bright green colour was obtained. 
To demonstrate the production of lignin and suberin in the Protective- 
layer and elsewhere, separate firsts were employed, i. e. for lignin, phloro- 
glucin, aniline sulphate, &c. ; while for suberin, tincture of alkanna and 
Schultze’s macerating fluid were most successful. In favourably stained 
preparations it is easy to demonstrate the localization of the suberin as an 
inner film on the lignified middle lamella, but this is better shown by 
employing the separate tests on consecutive sections. Two other methods 
are (1) to dissolve away the lignin base by boiling in eau de Javelle, and 
then to apply the suberin tests ; and (2) to dissolve the film of suberin by 
boiling in macerating fluid, and after careful washing to apply the tests for 
lignin. 
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