Anatomy of Teratological Seedlings . III. 343 
between the two xylem masses strikingly like that given by Chauveaud in 
Allium. There is little doubt that an examination of younger seedling 
material of Anemarrhena would reveal both ‘alterne’ and intermediate 
elements situated in the region separating the two divergent bundles 
characterizing the older cotyledon. If this interpretation of the structure of 
the Anemarrhena be the correct one, it follows that each xylem * massif J 
really represents the fused constituents, not of a median bundle with 
a lateral on either flank, but of half a median bundle with both a lateral 
and a marginal strand on the distal side only. A certain amount of 
collateral support for this interpretation is provided by Chauveaud’s 
description of the seedling anatomy of Cor dy line indivisa (1, pp. 431-435). 
This seedling has a tetrarch root, but in the young state only one xylem is 
differentiated in the hypocotyl, the remainder of the root poles being 
represented by their phloem only. The phloem groups coalesce to form 
two larger composite groups flanking the persistent xylem, which becomes 
the Cotyledonary midrib. It is evident that in C. indivisa there is an 
Anemarrhena condition in which the lateral and marginal xylem elements 
are not differentiated in the hypocotyl till a relatively late stage. There is 
thus in Cordyline indivisa , and probably in Anemarrhena asphodeloides also, 
a close parallel to the condition found in the tetrarch seedling of the second 
group described in this paper, the only essential difference being that 
consequent on the crowding together of the lateral and marginal and median 
strands in the two monocotyledonous species. The evidence for regarding 
the vascular system of Anemarrhena in this way is admittedly somewhat 
sketchy and incomplete, but it serves to emphasize the urgent need for a 
reinvestigation of the very young stages of the seedling anatomy of Mono- 
cotyledons, a task which it is hoped to proceed with during the coming 
summer. 
Summary. 
1. The bundle-system of each normal cotyledon of Impatiens Roylei 
consists of a median double bundle with a lateral bundle on either flank, 
these producing tetrarch symmetry in the hypocotyl and root. 
3. The young epicotyl produces paired leaves at the first two nodes 
and whorls of three members at subsequent nodes. The vascular anatomy 
of these leaf-systems and their interrelationships is described. 
3. The atypical seedlings fall into two main groups, the first of which is 
undoubtedly syncotylous in origin. 
4. The seedlings of this first group show a graded series in which the 
syncotyly becomes progressively more intimate, this resulting in the sup- 
pression of the lateral bundles, and consequently of the root pole, on the 
syrpphysis side. 
5. The effect of syncotyly on the epicotyl is shown in the reduction and 
