486 
Willis. — Plant Invasions of New Zealand . 
western invasions of New Zealand. In actual fact, of the 1 15 genera that 
reach New Zealand, we find that they are marked as follows : 
N 
N? 
NW 
NWS 
NW? 
28\ 
6 
6 
1 
46 
5 
K 7) 
KN 19 
KW 1) 
Table VII. 
WN 
4 \ 
\VN? 
1 
W 
11 l 
W? 
14 
WS? 
2 
WS 
6/ 
SW 6 
S W ? 1 
S or S ? 3 
10 
Thus 55, or just less than half, are of unquestionably northern origin (N or K) 
as judged simply by their distribution in New Zealand, and 38 more are 
probably western, while 12 have so few species, and so widely distributed in 
New Zealand, that one cannot tell from their local distribution by which 
route they may have entered. 
There remain 10 genera, marked in Table II as SW or S. The six 
SW genera are represented in the islands by (i) Lepidinm Howeiinstdae , 
endemic and allied to L. oleraceum of New Zealand, therefore probably 
derived from New Zealand ; (ii) Brachycome segmentosa , endemic and allied 
to an Australian species ; (iii) Cotida australis , found in all three islands, 
and in New Zealand down to Foveaux Strait, as well as in Australia, and 
therefore probably an Australian species which entered by the west ; 
(iv) Plantago Headleyi (Howe), endemic and near P. aucklandica of New 
Zealand, and therefore probably derived from New Zealand ; (v) Uncinia 
filiformis (Howe), found in New Zealand from 280 miles south of N. Cape 
down to Stewart Island, and therefore* possibly a western type ; also 
found in Australia; and (vi) Carex semiforsteri (Kermadecs}, found down 
to Foveaux Strait in New Zealand and thus probably not southern, C, 
Neesiana , endemic in Norfolk, C. inversa (Norfolk), down to Foveaux 
Strait and in Australia, and therefore (on both counts) probably western, 
C. breviculmis ) the same, and C. gracilis , otherwise found in Australia only. 
The one genus marked SW ? is Ranuncidus , which is represented in 
Norfolk by R. parviflorus, an Australian species that does not reach New 
Zealand. 
The three southern genera are (i) Cardamine , represented in the Kerma- 
decs by C. stylosa, found from 60 to 820 miles in New Zealand, and therefore 
probably western ; also found in Australia ; (ii) Veronica , represented by 
V. calycina , an Australian species, in Norfolk, and by V. salicifolia in the 
Kermadecs, a very widely spread New Zealand type which probably 
reached the Kermadecs early; and (iii) Luzida, represented in Howe by 
the endemic L. longijlora , allied (?) to the New Zealand antarctic island 
L. crinita . 
(12) The Kermadecs, Norfolk, and Howe contain a large number of 
endemic forms. It is clear that on the hypothesis of age and area, these 
should occur principally in the families and genera which have been in the 
