37 
It has many habits in common with the Graucali ; but while they 
are destined for the trees the present bird is adapted for the ground, 
where it procures and feeds upon insects of various genera, par- 
ticularly locusts and grasshoppers. It frequents the open plains in 
small companies of from three to six or eight in number, and is 
very animated in its actions, but at the same time most cautious and 
shy. 
Genus Campephaga. 
The members of this genus are spread over India and the Indian 
Islands, and the fauna of Australia comprises four species ; 
They are allied to the Graucali ; but are much smaller in size, and 
more active among the branches. 
The sexes are generally very dissimilar in colour and markings, 
while in Graucalus they are alike. The nidification and the form 
of the nests of the two genera are very similar. 
105. Campephaga Jardinii, Gould .... 
106. Campephaga Karu 
107* Campephaga leucomela, Vig. Horsf. 
108. Campephaga humeralis, Gould .... 
Vol. II. PI. 60. 
Vol. II. PI. 61. 
Vok II. PI. 62. 
Vol. II. PI. 63. 
Genus Pachycephala. 
The Pachycephala gutturalis may be regarded as the type of this 
group of birds, which is peculiarly Australian, and comprises many 
species, universally distributed over the country. Their habits 
differ from those of most other insectivorous birds, particularly in 
their quiet mode of hopping about and traversing the branches of 
the trees in search of insects and their larvae : caterpillars constitute 
a great portion of their food ; but coleoptera and other insects are 
not rejected. The more gaily-attired species, such as P. guttiwalis, 
P. glaucura , P. melanura and P. pectoralis , resort to the flowering 
Acacice, Eucalypti and other stately trees, while the more dull- 
coloured ones frequent the ground : they all build a neat, round, 
cup-shaped nest, and the eggs are generally four in number. Their 
powers of flight are not great : some of the species enjoy a wide 
range of habitat, while others are extremely local. The song of 
some is loud and rather pleasing, while others merely emit a whistling 
note, slowly but frequently repeated. 
109. Pachycephala gutturalis Vol. II. PI. 64. 
110. Pachycephala glaucura, Goidd Vol. II. PI. 65. 
111. Pachycephala melanura, Goidd ..... Vol. II. PI. 66. 
112. Pachycephala pectoralis Vol. II. PI. 67. 
Sylvia rufiventris , Lath. Ind. Om. Supp., p. liv. 
Rufous-vented Warbler , Lath. Gen. Syn. Supp., vol. ii. p. 248. — 
Shaw, Gen. Zool., vol. x. p. 696. 
Turdus prasinus , Lath. ? 
113. Pachycephala falcata, Gould Vol. II. PI. 68, 
114. Pachycephala Lano'ides, Gould . . . i. . Vol. II. PL 69* 
