162 
COMPOSITE. 
[ Vernonia. 
ovate, acute, rounded at the base, 3-4 in. long, thickly matted below 
with white tomentum. Heads few or many, in a dense terminal corymb. 
Involucre i in. long, f in. broad, broadly campanulate ; scales lanceo- 
late, grey, tomentose, reflexed at the tip. Keceptacle minutely fim- 
brilliferous. Florets about 40 in a head. Achenes pilose, •§• in. long ; 
pappus yellow-white, twice as long as the achene ; the outer row of 
linear scales a quarter as long as the inner. Distephanus populifolius, 
Cass. ; DC. Prod. v. 74. 
Mauritius, on the rocky escarpments of the Pouce, Pieterboth, and Montagne 
Longue. Endemic. 
3. V. sechellensis. Baker. A shrub 3-4 feet high, with woody 
rather puberulent branches. Leaves crowded towards the end of the 
branches, sessile, oblanceolate-oblong, subacute, subcoriaceous, nearly 
glabrous, 2-3 in. long, narrowly rounded at the base. Heads in a dense 
corymbose panicle 3-4 in. broad, the stout ascending branches of which 
are naked, except at the top ; pedicels none or very short. Involucre cam- 
panulate, under i in. long ; scales 4-5-serial, very caducous, dull brown ; 
outer short, obtuse, puberulent ; inner lanceolate, acute. Achenes T 1 * * * * * * * * X T in, 
long, terete, with 8-10 distinct ribs, persistently pilose ; pappus i in. 
long, of 100 or more firm equal ciliated persistent bristles of a bright 
salmon-red colour. 
Seychelles, in the Black Forest of Mahe, Horne, 497 ! Endemic. 
2. ELEPHANTOPUS, Linn. 
Heads of 4 uniform tubular purple flowers, many aggregated in a 
dense cluster. Involucre cylindrical, of two rows of four linear scales 
each. Beceptacle flat, naked. Corolla with 5 narrow lobes, sometimes 
irregular. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches subulate, 
minutely pilose. Achenia cylindrical, minutely ribbed ; pappus of a 
few long setae in a single row. — Perennial herbs with alternate leaves. 
Distrib. Species 10-12, mostly Tropical American. 
1. E. scaber, Linn.; DC. Prod. v. 85. A perennial herb 3-6 feet 
high, with densely pilose stems. Leaves oblong-spathulate, subcoria- 
ceous, crenate, minutely pilose below ; lower 4-6 in. long, narrowed into a 
petiole ; upper much reduced. Clusters each containing 30-40 cylindrical 
heads, bracteated by three small leaves, arranged in a very lax corymb. 
Involucre in. long ; scales rigid, lanceolate, shining ; outer row half 
as long as the inner. Achenes with pappus as long as the involucre. 
E. carolinianus, nudicaulis, mollis, and Martii, DC. loc. cit. 
Mauritius and Seychelles, common in waste ground. Bound the world in 
tropical and subtropical regions. 
3. ADENOSTEMMA, Eorst. 
Heads of numerous uniform perfect purplish flowers. Involucre 
broadly campanulate ; scales biserial, oblanceolate, obtuse, herbaceous, 
subequal. Keceptacle naked, convex. Corolla-limb campanulate, 
