PHYT0LACCACE2E. 
299 
Order LXXXVIL* PHYTOLACCACE^]. 
Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Perianth greenish, cut down to the 
base into 5 rounded segments. Stamens hypogynous, as many or twice 
as many as the perianth-segments ; filaments filiform ; anthers 2-celled. 
Ovary usually of many carpels, of one in Rivina ; ovules solitary in the 
cells ; styles distinct, if more than one. Fruit baccate. Seeds with 
peripheric embryo round a central mass of albumen. — Herbs or shrubs, 
with alternate exstipulate simple leaves and small greenish racemose 
flowers. Distrib. Cosmopolitan. Species about 70. 
Carpels solitary * Rivina. 
Carpels numerous * Phytolacca. 
* Rivina lavis, Linn.; Moq. in DC. Prod. xiii. 2, 11, a native of 
Tropical America, common in gardens, is subspontaneous in Mauritius. 
It is a glabrous branched perennial, with slender shrubby stems, 
petioled alternate ovate acuminate membranous leaves, flowers in lax 
peduncled terminal and axillary racemes, minute greenish calyx-like 
perianth with 4 free obtuse segments, 4 hypogynous stamens and a 
bright red one-seeded fruit the size of a small pea. Petites Groseilles. 
* Phytolacca decandra, Linn. ; Moq. in DC. Prod. xiii. 2. 32 ; Bot. 
Mag. t. 931, a commonly-cultivated plant, originating probably in the 
warm temperate zone of the Old World, is subspontaneous in Mauri- 
tius. It is a stout erect herb several feet high, with petioled alternate 
oblong acute membranous leaves, peduncled leaf-opposed racemes 4-6 
in. long, spreading pedicels furnished with minute linear bracts and 
bracteoles, a greenish perianth with 5 obovate obtuse segments, 
stamens, carpels and styles 10-12 each, and a depresso-globose umbilicate 
purple- black berry with compressed black seeds and abundance of 
purple juice. 
Order LXXXYIIl. NEPENTHACEZE. 
Flowers dioicous. Perianth of 4 oblong equal coriaceous segments, 
which in our plant in the female are united a little above the base. 
Stamens 4-16, monadelphous ; anthers oblong, distinctly 2-lobed, with 
longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary superior, 3-4-lobed, 3-4-celled ; ovules 
many ; placentation parietal ; stigma sessile, peltate. Fruit a coria- 
ceous capsule, with loculicidal dehiscence. Seeds albuminous, minute, 
very numerous, clavate. — Shrubs with alternate exstipulate sessile 
coriaceous leaves produced into pendent pitchers at the end and 
copious small flowers in peduncled panicles or racemes. Distrib. 
New Caledonia to Madagascar ; none Tropical African ; concentrated 
in the Malay isles. Species 30. 
1. NEPENTHES, Linn. 
Characters and distribution of the order. 
1. N. Pervillei, Blume ; HooJc.JiL in PC. Prod. xvii. 92. Stems 
in. thick, woody, prostrate or climbing. Leaves crowded at the end of the 
