JUNCACE J$. 
389 
Order G. juncace^:. 
Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite. Perianth interior, of 6 
subequal free dry subcoriaceous segments. Stamens 6, hypogynous or 
deeply perigynous ; filaments subulate; anthers 2-celled, basifixed. 
Ovary free, mostly 3-celled, sometimes 1-celled ; style subulate ; 
stigmas 3, distinct. Fruit usually a 3-valved capsule with loculicidal 
dehiscence. Seed with a small embryo at the base of abundant albu- 
men. — Herbs, mostly perennial, with rigid persistent leaves and copious 
small inconspicuous flowers. Distrib. Cosmopolitan, but scarcely at 
all tropical. Species 150. 
Fruit capsular, with abundant 2-tailed seeds 1 . Junctjs. 
Fruit baccate, 1 -seeded 2. Flagellaria. 
1. JUNCUS, Linn. 
Perianth with 6 lanceolate glumaceous equal acute free segments. 
Stamens 6 or reduced to 3, inserted at the base of the segments, in- 
cluded. Ovary 3-celled, with axile placentation and numerous super- 
posed ovules ; style short ; stigmas 3, subulate. Capsule 3-celled, or 
1 celled by the obliteration of the septa; seeds numerous, tailed at 
both ends by the loose cellular testa. — Perennial rarely annual tufted 
herbs, with abundant small brown flowers, the leaves developed or 
reduced to mere sheaths. Distrib. Everywhere in the temperate and 
Arctic-alpine zones. Species 100. 
1. J. effusus, Linn. Sp. 464. Stems densely tufted, erect, terete, 
3-4 feet long, filled with continuous soft pith, green, finely striated. 
Leaves reduced to mere sheaths at the base of the stem. Flowers in 
a lax lateral panicle some distance from the top of the stem. Perianth- 
segments -jtj- in. long, lanceolate-acuminate. Capsule bright brown, 
obovoid, obtuse, mucronate, as long as the perianth. J. mauritianus, 
Lojer, Hort. Maur. 360. J. communis var. effusus, E. Meyer. 
Mauritius, in bill swamps at tbe Mare aux Vacouas, etc. Cosmopolitan in tbe 
two colder zones. 
2. FLAGELLARIA, Linn. 
Perianth of 6 membranous free oblong obtuse much imbricated 
greenish-white segments. Stamens 6, hypogynous ; filaments very 
short; anthers ligulate, basifixed. Ovary 3-celled; ovule in each ceil 
solitary, basi’lar; style very short, conical ; stigmas 3, subulate. Fruit 
a globose berry, 1-celled by abortion and 1-seeded. Distrib. The 
only species. 
1. F. indica, Linn . , Kunth , Enum , iii. 370. A climbing perennial 
herb, with stems reaching a length of 10 feet or more, clothed in the 
lower part by the withered leaves. Leaves glossy, subcoriaceous, 
