555 
A sco carp in Lachnea cretea . 
In one or two cases — as, for example, that shown in Fig. n — it is 
possible to make out that the callus pad is preceded by the formation 
of an open pore, and that a mass of granular substance is continuous 
from one side of the wall to the other. This stage was not often seen and 
represents no doubt a temporary condition. 
These changes in the wall render the terminal portion of the archicarp 
readily recognizable in older specimens, since the pads are in marked 
contrast to the septa of an ordinary hypha, with their double row of 
‘ metachromatic ’ granules. 
By these means the terminal portion of the archicarp has been traced in 
its older stages, outside the young fruit, both in cut specimens (Figs, n, 12) 
and in uncut material (Figs. 5, 6). Frequently it is found to branch near 
the apex (Figs. 5, 6, 11), characteristic septa being found beyond the point 
of branching (Fig. 5). In no case were the apices fused with any other 
hypha, but whenever the filament could be traced to its termination, the 
ends were quite free. 
Nevertheless, it seems inevitable to conclude that this prolongation of 
the archicarp is morphologically a trichogyne, and one, moreover, which has 
not long ceased to be functional. For in it the cross-walls become broken 
down, so that a free passage through wide pores is established from cell to 
cell. It is not out of the question that the contents of the trichogyne may 
empty themselves into the central part of the archicarp, and that in this 
way a form of pseudapogamy may replace fertilization ; but no evidence of 
this process has been obtained. 
Ascogonial Region. 
In the central portion of the archicarp, the septa between the cells 
break down, so that a very wide passage is formed (Fig. 14) and nuclei pass 
readily from cell to cell (Fig. 13). All the cells may give rise to ascogenous 
hyphae. 
In this region of the archicarp the nuclei are crowded together, and 
here, no doubt, they unite in pairs. But they are too small to yield really 
satisfactory data on this critical point, and any attempt to study their 
behaviour was abandoned. In the part of the ascogenous hyphae nearest 
the ascogonial cells the nuclei lie irregularly ; in the upper parts they are 
arranged in single file (Fig. 15) ; sometimes two, sometimes three, lie close 
together ; sometimes a single nucleus is separated from the others. There 
is no evidence either when the ascogenous hyphae are first formed, or, at 
a later stage, of an arrangement in regular pairs. By the time that the 
development of the ascogenous hyphae has begun, the inner cells of the 
sheath have grown up to form a wedge-shaped group of paraphyses, and by 
means of these the peridium is ultimately broken open, so that the fruit 
