484 Hill. — The Floral Morphology of the Genus Sebaea. 
intercalation of a portion of non-papillate stylar tissue in the midst of 
a stigmatic region, or as being due to the loss of function of a certain 
amount of stigmatic tissue. In these two species the decussate arrangement 
of the terminal and lateral stigmatic surfaces can be clearly seen, but in 
others, where the secondary stigmas are situated about midway between 
the apex of the style and the ovary, their relation to the primary stigma is 
not always apparent owing to the torsion of the slender style. As far as 
can be seen, however, the secondary stigmas are in all cases arranged at 
right angles to the lobes of the primary one (PL XXXV, Figs. 10, 11, 13, 21). 
The greatest separation in space of the stigmatic surfaces is seen in 
X. macrophylla , where the secondary organs are placed almost at the base 
of the style. The shape of the paired secondary stigmatic patches varies 
considerably from elongated pyriform bodies, as in X. aurea or X. ambigua 
(PI. XXXV, Figs. 5-8 and 15, r 6, 18), to globular patches, as in X. imbricata 
and X. compacta (PI. XXXV, Figs. 12, 13, and 25). 
Whether secondary lateral organs are to be found in every species 
of the genus is somewhat doubtful, and it is not possible to make a definite 
pronouncement from the examination of dried material. They could not 
be detected in either X. capitata , X. sclerosepala , X. 7 ninutiflora , or X. Bur - 
chellii , and in some other species their presence was not always obvious. 
The difficulty in demonstrating them in these species may perhaps be due 
to the age of the flowers, since these stigmas tend to develop somewhat late. 
In the species included in the group Lageniades , however, no trace of the 
secondary stigmas could be found, and it seems probable that they are 
absent in this group, which, moreover, shows several marked differences 
from the rest of the genus. 1 
When young the lateral stigmatic patches are narrow simple ridges, 
formed by the protuberance of larger cells, but by gradual develop- 
ment they enlarge at the edges. They thus become broader, and each 
patch tends to form two prominent ridges which apparently represent 
the edges of the two lobes of the primary stigma. In transverse sections, 
therefore, each lateral patch tends to show a fairly deep median groove 
(PI. XXXV, Figs. 3, 11, 17), though in some species, such as X. imbricata , the 
groove can scarcely be noticed. 
The stigmatic character of these papillose swellings was further 
confirmed by the following experiments with the flowers of X. aurea , 
X. ambigua , X. imbricata , and X. confer tiflor a, which were carried out 
at the Royal Botanic Gardens. The flower buds were opened before the 
anthers had burst and shed their pollen, and the apical stigma was removed 
by a sharp scalpel (Pl. XXXV, Figs. 6-8, 12, 15, 16). In some cases the 
anthers were also removed, and the flower was left with only the ovary 
1 Marloth, in Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr., vol. i, pt. i, pp. 311-14, puts forward the suggestion 
that all species of Sebaea may possess secondary stigmas. 
