158 Takeda . — Scoitrfieldia cordiformis , a New Chlamydomonad . 
from apex towards the base (/ in Figs. 1-3). The diagrammatic repre- 
sentations of the end views (Figs. 4, 5) may elucidate this peculiar feature 
more clearly. The chloroplast is, as in the case of complanata , absolutely 
homogeneous, and contains neither stigma nor pyrenoid. There are, how- 
ever, apparently imbedded in the colourless protoplasm and in the proximity 
of the nucleus, two, or sometimes three, minute, highly refractive bodies of 
unknown nature. These bodies can readily be seen also in the side view 
of the organism (s in Figs. 1-3). The writer has not succeeded in detecting 
any contractile vacuoles. 
Two flagella of equal length are attached at the anterior notch of the 
organism. They are very delicate, and reach a length of nearly four times 
that of the body of the organism. 
As to the movements of this Alga, the writer has not been so fortunate 
as to obtain any satisfactory observations. The individuals examined were 
either too sluggish or too active to enable him to study their mode of 
locomotion properly. 
As a unique character of .S'. complanata , this organism is known to 
move normally backwards, i. e. with its flagella behind. 1 This is a very 
unusual type of movement among the Chlamydomonads. Two or three 
other examples, however, observed by the writer may be mentioned here. 
A species of Carteria , 2 which occurred in the same material, often swims 
backwards for a considerable distance, whereas its normal method of 
locomotion is towards the anterior end of the organism. Chlorogonium 
euchlorum , Ehrb., usually swims forwards, but it sometimes moves back- 
wards for a short distance (equal to about half or the whole length of the 
body), just as in the case of many Cryptomonads. Amongst the Engle- 
nineae, a variety (new) of Trachelomonas hexangidata , Swirenko, 3 moves 
sometimes forwards and sometimes backwards. Under the description of 
Tr. ampullida , Mr. G. I. Playfair states 4 that the organism c swims back- 
wards, with the orifice and flagellum behind \ 
Unfortunately, so far no stage of reproduction of this new Alga has 
been observed. 
Diagnosis. 
Scourfieldia cordiformis , Tak., sp. nov. (Figs, 1-5). Cellulae vegeta- 
tivae minutissimae, valde compressae, a fronte visae cordiformes, polo 
apicali leviter emarginato et flagellis birds aequalibus, quam cellula quad- 
1 West, 1 . c., p. 327. 
2 Species indeterminata ; C. multifili (Fresen.) Dill similis, sed cellula minus rotundala, mem- 
brana exteriore firma pro genere crassa, membrana interiore (= pars membranae gelatinosa) saepe 
valde evoluta differt. 
3 In Archiv fiir Hydrobiol. u. Planktonic., ix, p. 646, Taf. xx, Figs. 23-5 (1914) = Tr. 
ampullulci , Playfair, in Proc. Linn. Soc., N.S.W., xl, pt. 1, no. 157, p. 16, Tab. ii, fig. 6 (1915). 
4 l.c., p. 17. 
