^02 G wynne- Vaughan. — On some Climbing 
(Text-fig. 4, D) orders have the same structure, and are given off in the 
same way as in L.japonicum , and, as in that species, a dorsal protoxylem is 
absent in the branch-traces. 
Lygodium volubile. The xylem of the petiolar trace (Text-fig. 5, b) 
has no anterior sinus. The exarch, lateral protoxylems are some distance 
anterior to the lateral lobes. The posterior protoxylem is double and 
exarch. The method of branching of the trace (Text-fig. 5, C, d) is 
essentially similar to that in L. dichotomum and L.japonicum . 
Davallia fumarioides , Swartz. 
Rhizome. The plant has a fairly stout creeping rhizome and shows 
somewhat frequent dichotomous branching. The very numerous roots 
arise chiefly, if not exclusively, from the under surface, and show no regular 
order. The leaves on the upper surface appear to stand in two rows. 
One specimen was apparently quite young, the stem being small in the 
first formed region and the 
petioles slender. It seems 
to have grown at first erect, 
and later to have bent over, 
but the erect region seems 
to have been dorsiventral. 
Another specimen also 
showed a narrow juvenile 
region, but this was hori- 
zontal and dorsiventral. 
The rhizome is closely 
beset with narrow brown 
paleae of very different 
width, continued above into 
a single series of cells, and terminating in a pointed non-glandular cell. 
The larger paleae are fairly wide at the base ; others are two or three cells 
wide for the lower two or three tiers only, and are clearly derived from 
uniseriate hairs ; such simple hairs are also present. 
The rhizome contains a well-defined solenostele. In the earlier formed 
region of the stem the vascular ring is distinctly thicker on the under side 
than on the upper. In the later formed regions this difference disappears, 
or at any rate becomes less marked (Text-fig. 6). 
The cortex consists of a broad outer sclerotic zone of elongated, 
rectangular, blunt-ended cells with brown coloured walls. The very narrow 
inner cortex is made up of two to five layers of cells with thin cellulose 
walls. The central ground tissue has very thick brown walls, and is also 
separated from the stele by two or three layers of thin-walled cells. 
Text-fig. 6. Davallia fumarioides. Diagram of 
vascular system of rhizome including a node and the base of 
a leaf-trace. 
