Seedling Anatomy of certain Amentiferae. 
BY 
A. J. DAVEY, 
Late Reid Fellow , Bedford College. 
With eighteen Figures in the Text. 
T HE present paper deals with the seedling anatomy of those forms some- 
what loosely classified as Amentiferae, an investigation of which was 
suggested by Dr. E. N. Thomas and carried out under her direction at 
Bedford College. 
The group Amentiferae has here been regarded as consisting of the 
earlier cohorts of the Archichlamydeae of Engler up to and including the 
Urticales. 
The only account so far published dealing with seedling anatomy in 
any of these cohorts is that of the Piperales by Mr. T. G. Hill . 1 
The majority of the species to be described are members of the' 
Juglandales and of the Fagales. Forms belonging to Verticillatae, Myri- 
cales, and Salicales have been obtained, but in the case of several of 
the smaller cohorts no material has been available. 
Although in point of number of species representation is somewhat 
inadequate, the available forms in the larger cohorts Juglandales and 
Fagales cover a wide range as regards size of seed and habit of seedling. In 
addition to the difficulty of obtaining seeds the work has been much 
hindered on account of the long germination periods required by many 
of those which have been secured. 
With the exception of a few individuals of British species collected in 
the field, most of the seedlings described have been raised at Bedford 
College. 
The material has been examined chiefly by means of microtome series 
for which the best staining combination was found to be Bismarck brown 
and gentian violet. For hand sections a method of staining with Bismarck 
brown after treatment with sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid (recom- 
mended by Chauveaud 2 for early stages of phloem differentiation) has been 
found very useful. 
1 Hill, T. G. : Seedling Anatomy of the Piperales. Ann. of Bot., vol. xx, 1906. 
2 Chauveaud, G. ; Sur Involution des tubes cribles primaires. Compt. rend. Aead, des Sc., 
t. cxxv, 1897. 
[Annals of Botany, Vol, XXX, No. CXX, Octobtr, 1916 ] 
