602 Takeda. — Some Points in the Morphology of the Stipules in 
The second species in which double stipules have been found is Ruhia 
grandis , Kom. 1 The specimen was collected, also by the writer, along the 
road between Otchishi and Komp-moi, Yezo, in August, 1909. As a rule 
this species has four or five ‘ leaves * to the whorl. In this particular specimen 
all the foliar organs had decayed away from the first two nodes at the base 
of the stem, which is continuous with a rhizome. The third node has four 
‘ leaves ’, the fourth five, and the fifth again possesses four. At the sixth 
node there are four ‘ leaves but one of the stipules is evidently of a double 
Fig. 28. Galium kamtschaticum , Stell., a hirsutum , Takeda. Double stipule, nat. size. 
Figs. 29, 30. Galium kamtschaticum , Stell., 0 oreganum , Piper. Double stipules, nat. size. 
Figs. 31,32. Rubia grandis. Kora. Double stipules, nat. size. 
Fig. 33. Asperula odorata , L. Double stipule, nat. size. 
Fig. 34. Asperula odorata , L. Showing a false whorl with a double stipule, nat. size. 
nature, being provided with a forked midrib, while its apex is hardly 
bidentate (Fig. 31). The seventh node is again four-membered, and both 
of the stipules are normal and smaller than the true leaves in the same 
whorl. At the eighth node there are on one side of the stem two small 
stipules, and on the other a double stipule which is nearly three times 
as large in area as one of the former (Fig. 32). At the next node there 
stands again a double stipule, but since all the other foliar organs but one 
true leaf of this whorl had been completely destroyed, apparently by insects, 
nothing further can be ascertained. 
A series of specimens of Asperula odorata, L., which had been 
gathered by the writer himself near Satporo, Yezo, in June, 1906, affords 
1 Flora Manshuriae, p. 487 (1907). The plant was first described as a variety (var. grandis) 
of Rubia iatarica by Fr. Schmidt, Reisen im Amurl. u. d. Insel Sachalin (1868). 
