WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 
Troy Weight 
24 grains^l pwt. 12 ounces —1 pound. 
20 pwts.=l ounce. 
Used for weighing gold, silver and jewels. 
Apothecaries’ Weight 
20 grains=l scruple. 8 drams=l ounce. 
3 scruples=l dram. 12 ounces^l pound. 
The ounce and pound in this are the same asia 
Troy weight. 
Avoirdupois Weight 
27 11-32 grains=l dram. 4 quarters=l cwt. 
16 drams=l ounce. 2,000 lbs.=L short ton. 
16 ounces —1 pound. 2,240 lbs.=l long ton. 
25 pounds—1 quarter. 
Dry Measure 
2 pints=T quart. 4 pecks=l bushel. 
8 quarts=l peck. 36 bushels=l chaldron. 
Liquid Measure 
4 gills=l pint. 311 gallons=l barrel. 
2 pints^l quart. 2 barrels~l hogshead. 
4 quarts=l gallon. 
Mariners' Measure 
6 feet=l fathom 5,280 feet=l stat. mile. 
120 fathoms : =lcab.le’th. 6,085 feet—4. naut. mile. , 
71 cable lengths=l mile. 
Miscellaneous 
3 inches=T palm. 18 inches^l cubit. 
4 inches=T hand. 21.8 in.^l Bible cubit. 
6 inches=l span. 21 feet=l military pace. 
Square Measure 
144 sq. inches=l sq. ft. 40 sq. rods=l rood. 
■ 9 sq. feet=l sq. yard. 4 roods=l acre. 
30$ sq. yds.=l sq. rod. 640 acres=l sq. mile. 
Surveyors’ Measure 
7.92 inches=l link 4 rod 3 =l chain. 
25 links=l rod. 
10 sq. chains or ICO square rods—1 acre. 
640 acres=l sq. mile. 
36 sq. miles (6 miles sq.)=l township. 
Cubic Measure 
1,728 cub in.=l cub. ft. 128 c.ft=l cord (wood) 
27 cubic ft.=l cubic yd. 40 c. ft.=ton (shpg.). 
2,150.42 cubic inches=l standard bushel. 
268.8 cubic in.=l standard gallon. 
1 cubic foot=about four-fifths of a bushel. 
Long Measure 
12 inches=l foot. 40 rods-^1 furlong. 
3 feet=l yard. 8 furlongs=l sta. mile. 
5i yards=l rod. 3 miles=l league. 
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