252 
FRINGILLA ARBOREA. 
with black, drab, and bright bay, the latter being 
generally centred with the former ; rump, dark drab, 
or cinereous ; wings, dusky black, the primaries edged 
with whitish, the secondaries bordered with bright bay ; 
greater wing-coverts, black, edged and broadly tipt with 
brownish white ; tail, dusky black, edged with clay 
colour : male and female nearly alike in plumage ; the 
chestnut on the crown of the male rather brighter. 
168. FRINGILLA ARBOREA , WILSON. 
FRINGILLA CANADENSIS , LATHAM. TREE SPARROW. 
WILSON, PLATE XVI. FIG. III. — EDINBURGH COLLEGE MUSEUM. 
This sparrow is a native of the north, who takes up 
his winter quarters in Pennsylvania, and most of the 
northern States, as well as several of the southern ones. 
He arrives here about the beginning of November, and 
leaves us again early in April ; associates, in flocks, 
with the snow birds ; frequents sheltered hollows, 
thickets, and hedgerows, near springs of water; and 
has a low warbling note, scarcely audible at the distance 
of twenty or thirty yards. If disturbed, takes to trees, 
like the white-throated sparrow ; but, contrary to the 
habit of most of the others, who are inclined rather to 
dive into thickets. Mr Edwards has erroneously repre- 
sented this as the female of the mountain sparrow ; but 
that judicious and excellent naturalist, Mr Pennant, 
has given a more correct account of it, and informs us, 
that it inhabits the country bordering on Hudson’s bay 
during summer ; comes to Severn settlement in May ; 
advances farther north to breed ; and returns in autumn 
on its way southward. It also visits Newfoundland.* 
By some of our own naturalists, this species has been 
confounded with the chipping sparrow, which it very 
much resembles, but is larger and handsomer, and is 
never found with us in summer. The former departs 
for the south about the same time that the latter 
Arctic Zoology , vol. ii, p. 873. 
