21 
Of TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 
But generally obferve, in refpedt to the fir ft requifite 
training, that as the firft proper fhoot, produced imme¬ 
diately from the budding, commonly runs up into a ftem, 
naked below, it muft be headed down when a year old, 
in the fpring, after its firft fummer’s growth, to force 
out a regular fupply of lower branches from the be¬ 
ginning ; therefore, generally about March, juft as the 
young trees begin to make an effort for fhooting, cut¬ 
ting them down to about five, fix, or eight eyes, in a 
Hoping cut upward, next the wall; and will then foon 
after produce fevera! lateral fhoots, from the remaining 
lower eyes, to give the head its beginning formation, 
arranging the laid fhoots horizontally to the wall, 
equally to the right and left, in a regular expanfion, 
as before obferved; or, in order to form the head, as 
above, as expeditioufly as poffible, the firft principal 
fhoot advancing immediately from the bud, might be 
pinched or pruned to a few eyes, the fame fummer it. 
is produced, about the beginning or middle of June,, 
and it will furnifh laterals the fame feafon for training 
to the wall, &c. and thereby gain a year’s growth in 
furnifhing the firft fet of branches.. 
Obferve likewife, that in either of the above me¬ 
thods, in heading down the firft leading fhoot, and 
obtaining a fupply of lateral fhoots below, thefe, ei¬ 
ther the fame year, early in. J une, or in the following 
fpring, fhould alfo be pruned fhort, to about fix, eight, 
ten, or twelve inches, according to their ftrength, to 
obtain a further fupply of lower branches from the 
beginning, that they may form a regular full fpread- 
ing head, advancing immediately from or near the 
bottom, to furnifh the wall regularly upward; and of 
w’hich new-acquired fhoots, rub off or cut away all the 
fore-right productions, and others that are ill-placed, 
and train in all the reft to the wall, at their full length, 
all fummer; or may occafionally pinch particular 
fhoots, in May or June, in vacant parts, to provide a 
requifite fupply of wood the fame feafon: and thus 
continue the management of the young trees, the firft 
two or three years; for in this depends the whole fuc- 
cefs in giving them the proper formation for wall- 
trees, covering the walls completely from bottom to 
top, in a regular expanfion of branches; and, as they 
will produce numerous fhoots in fummer, thefe muft be 
regulated, by pruning out the ill-placed and ufelefs, 
and the others trained * the wall at their whole length, 
all that feafon till winter-pruning, when the beft of 
which being feledted for bearers, cutting out the fuper- 
abundancy, the retained fhoots muft generally then 
be fhortened more or lefs, as hereafter explained. 
Thus far relating to the methods of raifing and firft 
training, fhall proceed to give fome neceffary intimati¬ 
ons for planting and general culture. 
For the planting of Peach and Neftarine trees, allot¬ 
ting principal fouth walls. See. having proper borders 
under them, three, four, or five, to eight or ten feet 
wide, and two feet depth of good earth, which, if of a 
loamy nature, will be of the greater advantage; but if 
the foil is unfavourable, or of a very light, unfubftantial 
kind, it fhould be improved with a lupply of h elh fur- 
face loam, from a common or palture-ground, or where 
convenient, either immediately applied, or after being 
prepared with a portion of rotten dung, for feveral 
months, in a compoft heap, or in default of loam, have 
any good mellow earth and rotten dung; and which 
improvements may either be added wholly, or only 
for the prefent, to the parts where the trees are to be 
planted; or where the borders or places intended for 
the trees, is gravel, rubbilhy, very ftony, or fhallow, of 
proper llaple, the bad or fhallcw foil fhould be removed, 
or rough-fereened, and a proper depth, and the place 
fupplied with l'ubftantial good eartn and rotten dung, 
as above. 
Though it may alfo be proper to remark, that thofe 
trees will thrive fufficiently well in borders, confuting 
of any common, mellow, garden earth, as that of a kit¬ 
chen garden, &c. or, if rather poor, may be augmented 
with rotten dung, or that, and fome good loam, added 
either fully, or to the places where the trees are to 
Hand, three or four feet width.. 
The feafon for planting is either in autumn, about 
the decay of the leaves, in Oftober and November, 
or in the fpring, in February and March; though may 
be performed any time in open, mild weather, from 
October or November till March aforefaid; however, 
if performed foon after the leaves begin to decay in 
autumn, it will be of advantage, as they will almoft 
immediately ftrike root the fame feafon, and be more 
effeftually rooted before the drought of next fpring and 
fummer.. 
The trees for planting, as before remarked, may ei¬ 
ther be of one or two years old heads, or fuch as are 
of three, lour, or five years training, furnilhed with 
fome confiderable expanfion of branches, and advanced 
to a proper growth, for immediate bearers> either 
wholly of that ftate, or part, and thereby have the 
walls covered at once with bearing trees; and is of. 
importance to have a colleftion, more or lefs> of the 
principal varieties, both of early, middle, and late kinds,. 
to have a regular fucceffion of the fruit: ripening from 
July, or beginning of Auguft, to the end of Odlober, all 
of which, or any of the varieties, if not furnilhed with 
homc-raifea. trees, may be obtained at the nurferies,. 
either in young or trained growth, as fhall be required, 
agreeable to former intimations, being careful to chufe 
thofe of good growth, with moderately-ftrong fhoots : 
and have them digged up with a full fpread of roots, 
as intire as poflible. 
Then mark out the places for the trees, allotting the 
principal fupply the beft fouth walls, both of Peaches 
and Neftarines, not lefs than twelve or fifteen, nor 
more than eighteen feet diftance; fome may alfo be 
planted againft fouth-eafterly, and weft walls, at the 
fame 
