12 
THE GARDENER’S VEGETABLE SYSTEM 
fcdth a blulh red; and the nuts produced in fummer 
■ripen abundantly in autumn, which, when the trees are 
difpofed in parks, afford food for deer, as thefe ani¬ 
mals and fwine will eat them as they fall from the trees; 
and are not valuable for any other occafion, except for 
fowing, wherewith to raife fupplies of young trees 
when required. 
Though abroad, where the trees grow naturally in 
great abundance, the nuts are occafionally cut or 
ground into a coarfe meal, &c. and given to horfes: 
hence the original name Hippo-Cajlanum, or Horfe- 
Chefnut. 
The Scarlet Horfe-Chefnut, in its fmaller growth, is 
alfo very defirable to plant for ornament in large 
Ihrubberry compartments, and other ornamental plan¬ 
tations as above; its leaves nearly fimilar to the others, 
and produces bright red flowers, in long loofe fpikes 
*—appearing in June or July. 
Both thefe fpecies, and their varieties, maybe obtain¬ 
ed, for planting, at all the principal nurferies, or may 
be expeditioufly and abundantly raifed by planting the 
nuts, &c. 
The feafon for planting the trees is any time from 
the decay of the leaves, in Oftober or November, till 
March or beginning of April. 
They are propagated by fowing or planting the nuts, 
either in October erNovember; or, for fear of rotting, 
in winter, or disturbed by vermin, in that feafon, may 
be preferved in fand for planting in February, gene¬ 
rally allotting them a bed or beds of light earth, 
planting them in drills two or three inches deep, 
the drills a foot afunder, or may be planted by dibble 
the above depth and diftance; or alfo by raking two 
or three inches of earth off the beds into the alleys, 
place the nuts on the furface, prefs them a little into 
the earth, then earth them over from the alleys two 
or three inches deep: they will germinate freely in 
the fpring, and generally come up in April or May, 
when keep them clear from weeds, and they will ad¬ 
vance fix or eight inches to a foot high, or more, by 
Oftober following. 
When they are of one or two fummers growth, 
fhould be planted out from the feed beds, taking them 
up with full roots; prune the downright tap root, and 
cut off fide-twigs from the items, preferving the top 
leader intire; then plant them in nurfery rows a yard 
afunder, by twelve to fifteen or eighteen inches diftance 
in the lines, where let them continue in growth three, 
four, five years, or more, training each with a Angle 
item, pruning off fide-ihoots below, continuing the top 
leading-ihoot always intire, as before intimated; and 
when the young trees are advanced about four, five, or 
fix!, to eight or ten feet high, are of a proper growth for 
4 nal tranfplapting where they may be intended. 
The two varieties of the Common Horfe-Chefmit 
are propagated by budding them upon feedling flocks 
of the common fort, in July or Auguft, or alfo by 
grafting upon the fame fort of flocks in the fpring ; 
which methods of propagation is neceffary in the va¬ 
rieties to continue them diftindt in their refpedlive pro¬ 
perties, which cannot be effected with certainty from 
feed. 
Likewife the Scarlet Horfe Chefnut is alfo occafion- 
ally propagated, by grafting and budding upon flocks 
of the common fort. 
The final tranfplanting of all the forts from the 
nurfery, &c. may be effected when the trees are ad¬ 
vanced from four or five to ten or twelve feel high; 
though, if performed when in young growth, of five, 
fix, or eight feet, they will generally ftrike root more 
effedtually, and grow more fuccefsfully, than when re¬ 
moved of larger fizes. 
After the final tranfplanting in the refpedlive dif- 
trifts, the principal culture is, while in young growth, 
to defend or fence them from cattle, and give fupport 
of flakes where it may appear neceffary; and in their 
advancing ftate, and large growth, may occafionally 
prune lower and ftraggling branches, toha\ea clean 
Item below and regular head above. 
Amorpha, Bastard Indigo. 
Clafs and Order. 
Diadelphia Decandria, 
Two Brotherhoods, Ten Males', 
Or Papilionaceous Hermaphrodite Flowers, having rtn 
Stamina or Males, in two Sets or Brotherhoods. 
THE Amorpha is a very ornamental flowering 
fhrub, of the deciduous kind, decorated with long 
pinnated or winged leaves, of many pairs of fmall 
leaflets affixed to one common petiole; and long fpikes 
of fmall papilionaceous or butterfly-lhaped p.rple 
flowers, furniihed with ten ftamina, and one ftyle in 
the centre, fucceeded by leguminous fhort pods, fur¬ 
niihed with roundilh, kidney-lhaped feeds, not always 
ripening in perfection in this country, but is raifed 
plentifully by layers. 
Generic Characters —Hermaphrodite flowers, or con¬ 
taining both male and female parts of generation (the 
Stamina and Stylus )—Calyx or cup monophyllous, or 
one-leaved, tubulouscylindric, and obtufely five-parted 
at the brim.—Corolla, or flower papilionaceous, or 
butterfly-like, of four unequal petals, confiding of 
a ftandard, two wings, and a carina or keel below; 
the ftandard, or upper petal, fmall concave, cover the 
other three.—Stamina ten, joined at the bafe, and ter¬ 
minated each by fmall anthera.—Piftillum, a roundilh 
■oblong germen in the centre, fupporting an awl-fhaped 
