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O? TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 65 
Where it may be defigned to have a coppice of the 
Common Hazel, they may either be planted in fuckers, 
in rows, three or four, to five or fix feetafunder; or 
the nuts fowed in drills, that diilance, to remain. 
Crataegus, WILD SERVICE, and Hawthorn, 
&c. 
Clafs and Order. 
Icofandria Digynia, 
Twenty or more Males, Two Females', 
Or Plants with Hermaphrodite Flowers, having twenty 
or snore Stats,ina or Maics, and two Pijlillums or Fe¬ 
males. 
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THE Crataegus comprifes a large family of 
many fpecies and varieties of deciduous, berry-bearing 
trees and fhrubs, for ufeful and ornamental planting, 
fome of which both for fruit-trees in gardens and or¬ 
chards, and for variety in Ihrubberies, &c. others moll 
valuable for hedges, {theHawthorn) and the whole to ar¬ 
range in decorative plantations; are of fmaller and larger 
growth in the different fpecies, ten, fifteen, to twenty 
or thirty feet high, mollly armed more or lefs with 
thorns, and in fummer cloathed with fimple leaves 
heart-lhape-lobated, three-lobed, oval, fpear-lhape. 
See. and numerous umbellate bunches of fmall white 
flowers in May and June, compofed each of a five- 
parted cup, five roundilh petals, many llamina, and 
two flyles; fucceeded by bunches of fmall and large, 
roundilh, flelhy berries, with two feeds: ripe in au¬ 
tumn ; and by which, fowed in autumn or fpring, the 
trees are raifed, alfo by layers, grafting and bud¬ 
ding. 
The Species of CRATAEGUS are, 
1. Crataegus torminalis, Torminal-fruited, or Com¬ 
mon Wild-Service Tree. 
A middling or largilh tree, growing thirty or forty 
feet high, or more—the leaves {moderatefize) heart¬ 
ed, feven-angled, the lobes divaricated afunder; and 
bunches of brownilh-red, eatable berries.—Native of 
England, Germany, Switzerland, Burgundy, &c. 
( Loasny or any foil.) 
Varieties. —Sawed-leaved Wild-Service. 
Round-leaved Wild-Service. 
2. Crataecus Oxyacantha —(Oxyacantha)Hawthorn 
or White-thorn Tree. 
A fmall or moderate tree, of bulhy growth, grow¬ 
ing fifteen or twenty feet high—the leaves {fmallijh, 
dark-green) obtufe, fub-trifid or three-lobed, and faw- 
cd; flowering in May and June: the haw-berries ripe 
in autumn.—Native of moll parts of Europe, and of 
great value for hedges. {Any foil.) 
Varieties. —Common, fingle-bloffomed, Red-ber¬ 
ried Hawthorn, White-thorn or Quick- 
fet. 
Double-bloffom Hawthorn. 
Scarlet-berried Hawthorn. 
Yellow-berried Hawthorn. 
White-berried Hawthorn. 
Glallonbury, Early-blowing Hawthorn, 
or Glallonbury Thorn. 
Maple-leaved Hawthorn. 
3. Cratjegus Aria —(Aria) White-Beam or White- 
leaf Tree. 
A middling large tree, growing thirty or forty feet 
high—the leaves {largifh, whitijh-green) ovate, un¬ 
equally fawed, and hoary underneath.—Native of 
England and moll parts of Europe. ( T .oamy, chalky , 
or any foil.) 
Variety. — {Cratagus Ariafuecia) or Swedifh White- 
Beam Tree—branches thornlefs; the 
leaves elliptic fawed, tranfverfe finuat- 
ed, and hairy underneath.—Native of 
Sweden and England. 
4. Crataegus Azarolus —(Azarolus) or Azarohj 
Thorn. 
A fmaller tree, eighteen or twenty feet high_the 
leaves {largifh) obtufe fub-trifid, or fomewhat three- 
lobed and a little indented; and bunches of largilh, 
red, eatable berries; in autumn.—Native of Italy and 
Montpelier. {Any common foil.) 
Varieties. —Strong-thorned Azarole. 
Thornlefs Azarole. 
Jagged-leaved Azarole. 
Double-flowered Azarole. 
Large, Red-fruited Azarole. 
Smaller, Yellow-fruited Azarole. 
Long-fruited Azarole. 
{Aronia) or Ealiern Parfley-Jeaved Azar 
role. 
5. Crataegus coccinea. Scarlet-fruited Azarole 
Thorn, or Great American Azarole. 
A fmaller tree, twenty feet high—the leaves {mid¬ 
dling) ovate, repand or w'aved-angulated, fawed, and 
fmooth; large, fcarlet fruit.—Native of Virginia and 
Canada. (Any comsnonfoil.) 
I 
6. Cra 
