THE GARDENER’S VEGETABLE SYSTEM 
98 
greens, ten or fifteen to twenty or thirty feet, of re¬ 
gular branchy growth, adorned, all the year, with 
oblong-ovate, and fpear-fhape, prickly-edged, and 
fmooth leaves; and in Bummer, fhort, clofe clufters of 
fmall monopetalous white flowers, having one-leaved, 
four-parted cups; the corolla cut in four parts, con¬ 
taining four ftamina, a roundifh gerrnen; and the 
flowers fucceeded by clufters of roundifh quadrilocular 
berries, with four feeds, ripe in autumn and winter; 
and by which the fpecies are propagated, likewife by 
budding and grafting, to continue any particular va¬ 
rieties. 
Principal CbaraBers. —Flowers hermaphrodite; the 
calyx, or cup, one-leaved, indented in four parts; co¬ 
rolla, or flower, monopetalous, or of one petal, di ided 
into four fegments; four awl-fhape fhort llamina, 
crov/ned by fmall anthera; a roundifh gerrnen, moftly 
without llyles, but crowned by four obtufe ftigmas; 
and the gerrnen grows a roundilh berry, of four loculi, 
or cells, containing each a Angle, oblongifh, hard, 
bony feed. 
The hardy Species of ILEX are, 
■1 Ilex Aquifolium —(Aquifolium) or Common Holly 
Tree. 
A middling-large ever-green tree, growing fifteen 
or twenty, to thirty feet high—the leaves ( middling , 
Jbining-green ) oblong-ovate, waved, and indented on 
the edges, acute fpines terminating each denti¬ 
cle; and fmall clufters of whitifh flowers, in May or 
June; fucceeded by red and other coloured berries.— 
Native of England, fouth parts of Europe, America, 
Japan, &c. {Loamy , or any common foil.) 
Varieties. —Common Green prickly Holly. 
Smooth or thornlefs Green-leaved. 
Narrow-leaved Holly. 
Box-leaved Holly. 
Red-berried Holly. (Common.) 
White-berried Holly. 
Yellow-berried Holly. 
Bloached-leaved Holly. 
White-bloached-leaved Holly. 
Yellow-bloached-leaved Holly. 
White-ftriped-leaved Holly. 
Yellovv-ftriped-leaved Holly. 
Cream-coloured-leaved Holly. 
Silver-edged-leaved Holly. 
Gold-edged-leaved Holly. 
Mottle-leaved Holly. 
Copper-cOloured-leaved Holly. 
Variegated-leaved Painted-Lady Holly. 
Ye/low-leaved Holly. , 
Long-leaved Holly. 
(Ilex echinata) or Hedge-hog Holly; the 
edges of the leaves thorny, and die up¬ 
per furface clofely fet with aculi, or 
prickles. 
Common Green-leaved Hedge-Hog Holly. 
Gold-bloached-leaved Hedge-Hog Holly. 
Gold-edged Hedge-Hog Holly. 
Silver-edged Hedge-Hog Holly. 
With may other feminal varieties of thf 
Common Holly, known in the nurferies' 
by different fancy names, as 
Milk-Maids Holly. 
Glory of the Eaft Holly. 
Glory of the Weft Holly. 
. Chimney-Avecpers Holly; with feveral 
others. 
2. Ilex CaJJtne —(Cafline) or Caffine Holly of Caro¬ 
lina, commonly called Dahoon Holly. 
A moderate ever-green tree, growing fifteen to 
twenty feet high—the leaves ( middling , light-green) 
ovate, fpear-fhape, fawed; and fmall white flowers in 
thick clufters; fucceeded by fmall red berries.—Native 
of Carolina. {Loamy, or any common foil ; warmfitua- 
tion while young.) 
Varieties. — Broad-leaved Carolina, or Dahoon 
Holly. 
Narrow-leaved Dahoon Holly. 
Both the fpecies of Holly, and their refpe&ive va¬ 
rieties, are very ornamental ever-green trees, grow¬ 
ing with a Angle upright flcm, very branchy quite to 
the bottom, and in their natural growth, forms a co¬ 
nical head, particularly the Common Holly; all very 
clofely garniihed with leaves of a thick, firm confift- 
ance: are proper to cultivate both in ornamental and 
ufeful plantations; the Common Holly particularly, 
being alfo proper to aflemble with ever-green foreft- 
trees, in plantations for timber, as when permitted to 
advance in full growth, it attains fome confiderable fta- 
ture and fubftance in the ftem or trunk, and its wood 
being very white, is valued by the cabinet-makers, and 
fome other trades; the wood is alfo made into hones, 
for razors, and of the bark of the tree is made the 
bird-lime. 
The Common Holly, and all its varieties, are very 
hardy to grow any where in any common foil and fitu- 
ation, to plant both in ftandards, for ornament in fhrub- 
beries, and other plantations in pleafure-grounds; and 
from its clofe, branchy growth, admits of training, by- 
clipping, into feveral formal devices, as globes, py¬ 
ramids, &c. as was formerly pra&ifed in the ancient 
method of gardening ; and is well adapted for forming 
hedges, both for ornament in pleafure-gardens, and 
for fences'; and for the different purpofes, the trees 
ihould generally have the final tranfplanting while mo- 
- derately 
