Of TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 
derately youDg, as, when old, the roots become woody 
and naked, and do not fucceed well when tranfplanted 
of a large fize. 
But the Dahoon Holly is more tender, efpecially in 
its young growth, requiring a warm fituation, or pro- 
teftion in winter, till it obtains ftrength, then may be 
planted in the full ground; is principally cultivated in 
fhrubberies, &c. for ornament and variety. 
Both the fpecies of Holly are railed by the feed or 
berries, fowed in autumn or fpring, which will not 
come up till the fecond year after ; and the different 
varieties are propagated by grafting and budding them 
upon the Common Holly; each as hereafter explained. 
All the forts of Hollies are cultivated in the nurfe- 
r’es, for f’ale, where they may be obtained of proper 
growth for planting; in which it is generally advife- 
able, to perform it while the trees are of moderately 
voung growth, as before intimated, from two or three, 
to four or five feet at moil:; as, when older or larger, 
they feldom fucceed well, and often fail, when re¬ 
moved of a large fize, unlefs where convenient to 
tranfplant them with complete balls of earth to the 
roots. 
The feafon for planting Hollies is either principally 
in autumn, the middle or end of September, any time 
in October, or early part of November; not fo eligible 
in winter, unlefs a very mild feafon, but may be tranf¬ 
planted fuccefsfully in the fpring, in February, March, 
and beginning of April. 
For ornamental planting, they fhould affemble prin¬ 
cipally in ever-green plantations in fnrubberies, and 
other plantation didrifts, in pleafure-grounds, parks, 
&c. or occafionally dotted in fome principal deciduous 
plantations, in which both the common and variegated 
kinds, will add to the variety, and give a more lively 
appearance in winter, when the deciduous Ihrubs and 
trees are defiitute of foliage, and in which the com¬ 
mon and variegated forts will effeft a very agreeable 
diverfity; or in any plantafons the variegated kinds are 
beautifully ornamental at all feafons, and when inter- 
fperfed, thefeand the green-leaved, in principal clumps 
of ever-greens, they have a fine effeft; and in which 
plantations, fome may either be permitted to advance 
rincipally in their natural growth, bufiiy from the 
ottom, or occafionally trimmed up below, by degrees, 
one, two, or feveral feet, to clean ftems, to run up 
more in height, w'here required, and permitted to 
branch out above in full heads. 
Hedges of Holly were formerly in great efiimation, 
for their clofe, beautiful ever-green growth, both for 
ornament, in interior divifions of pleafure-grounds, 
and for affording flicker to particular compartments, 
and to tender plants, and forms a very effbftual impe- 
99 
netrable fence; and for which purpofes, the Common 
Green Holly, as being the moil: readily raifed in abun¬ 
dance, is principally employed, efpecially for any con- 
fiderable extent; and the variegated forts, in particular 
parts, for their ornamental appearance, in their diver- 
fified colours; and, in all of which, they admit of 
training in low, middling, and lofty hedges, five or 
fix, to eight or ten feet high, or more. 
The Hollies, likewife, in the former defigns in 
ornamenting pleafure-grounds, were in great repute for 
training by clipping, into various forms, as pyramids, 
fpheres, arches, porticoes, galleries, and other rural 
devices, and kept in their refpeftive forms by clipping 
every year, in fummer ; which, according to the then 
prevailing take in gardening, together with yews 
trained in a fimilar flile, were confidered as great or¬ 
naments to gardens ; but are now moftly excluded, at 
leaf! feldom admitted in modern plans. 
The propagation, or methods of railing Hollies, is 
principally by feed, in the two fpecies, the Common 
Green, and Dahoon Holly; the former of which. 
Common Holly, produces abundance of berries, ripe 
in autumn and winter for lowing, but not ripening fo 
freely in the Dahoon kind: they are obtained from 
America by the feedfmen; but the different variegated 
forts, and other curious varieties, are propagated, and 
continued in their refpeftive differences, by grafting 
or budding them upon feedling-ftocks of the Common 
Holly, as they will not come the fame from feed; and 
the Dahoon Holly is alfo occafionally propagated by 
grafting and budding upon the common forts. 
To raife the Common Holly, it ripening berries in 
great plenty late in autumn, they fhould be gathered in 
November or December, and either fowed at once in 
beds, an inch deep; or, as the feeds of the berries are 
of a hard, bony nature, and the outer pulp adhering 
clofe, that they remain in the ground a whole year 
before they begin to germinate or grow, they, pre¬ 
vious to lowing, are generally prepared by burying 
them in an heap in a pit, or depofited in large garden 
pots; thefe plunged in fome dry ground, and earthed 
over eight or ten inches deep, to remain thus for a 
year, preparing for vegetation, then taken up in Oc¬ 
tober or November, and fowed in beds, either broad- 
caft, and covered in an inch or two deep with earth, 
or fowed in drills that depth, and they will thus come 
up in the fpring following; but thofe fowed at once 
from the trees remain dormant till the fecond fpring. 
When the young Hollies are come up, keep them 
clean from weeds, and, if very dry weather, mode¬ 
rate waterings will prove very beneficial; and after the 
plants are of one or two years growth, they fhould 
be tranfplanted in nurfery-beds, in autumn, about Oc¬ 
tober, or in March, in rows, fix inches to a footafun- 
der ; and, after having two years growth in thefe beds, 
N a if 
