Of TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 
Of the different fpecies of Juglaas, the Common 
Walnut is the fort commonly cultivated in this coun- , 
try, for its fruit, both to ufe green, for pickling, in July and 
Auguff, the green, outer cover, and internal part, to¬ 
gether, before the nut begins to Ihell hard ; and more 
abundantly the ripe nuts, which attain maturity in au¬ 
tumn, in Septeml>er and October, and the kernels are 
then good for eating; all the other fpecies produce fruit 
of a fimilar nature, but fmaller, and moffly with a very 
hard (hell and fmall kernels, nofequal in goodnefs to 
the Common Walnut, which, in all its varieties, are 
the mod abundantly produced in this country, much 
larger and bed flavoured; and therefore this fort, (Jug- 
lam regia) is the principal fpecies to cultivate for its 
fruit; the others chiefly for variety, or, together alfo 
with Common Walnut trees, to aflemble in ufeful and 
ornamental plantations. 
The different fpecies of thefe trees, being inoflly of 
large and lofty growth, with confiderably fpreading 
branchy heads, are proper to introduce in large planta¬ 
tions of hardy, deciduous trees, and to arrange in 
groves, clumps, both in aflemblage, and diflind, as 
alfo to dot fmgly ; and the Common Walnut to difpofe 
plentifully in rows, in parks, and other extenfive dif- 
tricts; in which, when of advanced growth,, they will 
be very profitable in their annual productions of nuts, 
which always find a ready fale to thofe who fupply the 
markets; and Walnut trees are proper to introduce in 
forell-tree colledions, to advance in large ftandards for 
timber, the wood being much efteemed, for many 
occafions, in the cabinet-making branches, for various 
articles of houfehold furniture, and feveral ether parti¬ 
cular purpofes. 
All thefe trees delight mod in a loamy foil, but will 
alfo grow in any moderately-good ground, or where 
convenient, in common with other hardy trees, or in 
any common foil and fltuaticn, as different pt emifes may 
afford. 
Young trees, of all the forts, are kept in the nurfe- 
ries, for public fupply, where they may be obtained in 
colledion, or of any particular fpecies, required for 
planting; forv.hich, generally have them of moderately 
young growth, of five, fix or eight feet height, efpe- 
cially for any confiderable planting; or, for particular 
occafions, the Common Walnut may fometimes be ob¬ 
tained of larger growth, with a good head of branches ad¬ 
vanced to a bearing date, to plant for immediate bear¬ 
ers in a fmall degree in the beginning; though, when 
planted of younger growth, either for fruit or forelt- 
»trees, or for ornament, they always make the mod thriv¬ 
ing trees in the long run; and for fored-trees particu¬ 
larly, if only three or four, to five or fix feet, they will 
^generally prove more fuccefsful; or fometimes the nuts 
are planted in the places where the trees are defigned to 
remain, and, not having any check by removal, they 
commonly advance in a more free and expeditious 
growth; and all the forts are eafily propagated, or raifed. 
by planting, or fowing the nuts in a nurfery, and the 
young plants of a year old tranfplanted therein, for two, 
three, or feveral years, and trained each with a fingle 
clean dem, five or dx feet, branching above in full 
heads; and being thus ready for the intended planta¬ 
tions, they may be planted as required, at the proper 
feafons. 
The feafon for planting the different forts cf Walnut 
trees, is either in autumn, at the decay of the leaves, 
or in the fpring; or any time in open weather, from Oc¬ 
tober or November, to March or April. 
The propagation, or general method of railing the 
Walnut trees, and Hiccories, in all the different fpecies, 
is principally by planting or fowing the nuts, either in 
autumn,, or preferved found till the fpring, and then 
fowed, in February or March, in a bed or beds of 
common earth, which may be performed either in 
drills, fix inches to a foot afunder, and two inches deep, 
placing the nuts in the drills, and earthed over; or rak¬ 
ing the earth off the bed the above depth, fow the 
nuts on the furface, and, with a fpade, prefs them into 
the bed, and cover them in with the earth that was 
raked off the bed for that purpofe; they will all come 
up freely the fame year: keep them clean from weeds 
all fiimmer; and, when the plants are one or two years 
old, they fhould be tranfplanted into nurfery-rows, two 
feet and a half or a yard afunder, by eighteen inches 
or two feet in thedines; there trained each with a fingle 
ftem, preferring the leading top-fhoot intire, but any 
flrong, lateral fhoots, pruned up by degrees, to form a 
clean llem of five, fix, orfevenfeet, then permitted to 
branch out above in full heads; and are then proper for 
final tranfplanting. 
Obferve, when intending to raife the Common Wal¬ 
nuts principally for fruit-trees, (hould be careful to 
procure nuts of the bell varieties for planting or fowing, 
chufing them large, with thin or tender fhells, whereby 
there will be the greater chance of having the trees 
raifed therefrom produce good fruit in return ; obferv- 
ing the fame method of fowing, nurfery-plan tint 1 ', 
and training, as directed above ; or fometimes the pro¬ 
pagation of the approved varieties for fruit-trees, is 
tried by grafting them upon flocks of any of the Wal¬ 
nut kinds; though the general method for raifing the 
principal fupplies, is by the nuts, for general planting. 
The trees, raifed as above, in all or any of the fpe¬ 
cies, they, when from four or five, to fix, eight, or 
ten feet growth, are of proper fize for general tranf¬ 
planting in the places where they are intended, in the 
proper feafons before-mentioned. 
When defigned to have the Common Walnut planted 
for its production of nuts, it may be planted in any open 
fituation, or in orchards, cither in continued rows, forty 
feet diftance, or placed principally only towards, the 
outer boundary, and in any out-grounds, hedge-rows, 
parks. 
